迥异、变迁与赓续:农业合作化运动中的农民心态及行为(1949—1957)  

Distinction,Change and Continuity:Agricultural Cooperationthe Farmers Psychologyand Behavior in the Farming Movement(1949-1957)

作　　者：庞琳[1,2,3] 武力 吴建征 Pang Lin;Wu Li;Wu Jianzheng

机构地区：[1]河北大学历史学院 [2]北华航天工业学院马克思主义学院中国近现代史纲要教研室 [3]河北省中国特色社会主义理论体系研究基地 [4]不详 [5]中国社会科学院当代中国研究所

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2023年第7期14-23,共10页

基　　金：2018年度国家社会科学基金项目“整合互动:供销合作社与乡村社会变迁研究(1949-1992)”(项目编号:18FZS046)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在整个农业合作化运动的演进发展历程中,国家通过自上而下的政策推动予以实施,大体经历了“互助组—初级社—高级社”的三部曲,农民对此呈现出多阶段、多阶层、多维度的心态与行为逻辑变化,并成为这场运动的主体。这一过程中,农民的传统思维惯行受到一定冲击,合作化进程中的不同阶段与合作化后的农民心态与行为也呈现了迥异、变迁与赓续的发展轨迹,并与合作化进程紧密呼应。在国家政策与农民心态的博弈互动与碰撞中,乡村社会的生产、生活模式得以重塑,农民的心态与行为变化亦反映了农业合作化进程中的国家与农民互动,从某种程度上映射出集体化时期乡村体制改革的发展脉络。In the evolution and development process of the entire agricultural cooperation movement,the state implemented it through top-down policy promotion,roughly going through a trilogy of"mutual aid groups,primary cooperatives,and advanced cooperatives".Farmers showed multi-stage,multi-level,and multi-dimensional psychological and behavioral logical changes,and became the main body of this movement.During this process,the traditional thinking habits of farmers have been impacted to a certain extent,and the mentality and behavior of farmers at different stages of the cooperative process and after the cooperative process have also shown distinct,changing,and continuous development trajectories,closely echoing the cooperative process.In the game interaction and collision between national policies and farmers’"mentality,the production and life patterns of rural society have been reshaped,and the changes in farmers’mentality and behavior also reflect the interaction between the state and farmers in the process of agricultural cooperation,reflecting to some extent the development context of rural institutional reform during the collectivization period.

关 键 词：农业合作化运动 农民心态 行为 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学]