肉桂精油复合壳聚糖乳液对采后芒果炭疽病的防治效果及作用机制  

Control Effect and Mechanism of Cinnamon Essential Oil Compound Chitosan Lotion on Postharvest Mango Anthracnose

作　　者：方静 谷会[1] 姚全胜[1] 杜丽清[1] FANG Jing;GU Hui;YAO Quansheng;DU Liqing(Institute of Subtropical Crops,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physi-ology and Preservation of Tropical Horticultural Products,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China;College of Horticulture,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所/海南省热带园艺产品采后生理与保鲜重点实验室,广东湛江524091 [2]海南大学园艺学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第7期1460-1467,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(No.1630062022006);广东省优稀水果现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(No.2022KJ116)。

摘　　要：芒果风味独特、营养丰富,被誉为“热带果王”,但芒果在采后后熟过程中极易腐烂变质,其中由炭疽病引起的腐烂损失最为严重。因此,如何防治芒果采后炭疽病,成为制约芒果产业健康发展的瓶颈问题。以台农1号芒果为试材,研究绿色环保的肉桂精油复合壳聚糖乳液对采后芒果炭疽病的防治效果及作用机制。研究结果表明:0.5%肉桂精油+0.3%壳聚糖处理对芒果炭疽病的防治效果最好,0.03%肉桂精油处理可完全抑制离体芒果炭疽菌的生长和产孢,0.01%、0.02%肉桂精油处理对芒果炭疽菌菌丝有明显的破坏作用;复合处理显著抑制了芒果炭疽病病斑的扩大,提高了抗病相关物质木质素、总酚(TP)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的含量,提高了抗病相关酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)、β-1,3葡聚糖酶(β-1,3-GA)、几丁质酶(CHI)的活性。由此可见,肉桂精油复合壳聚糖乳液对芒果炭疽病有较好的防治效果,一方面是由于复合处理抑制或破坏了芒果炭疽菌菌丝的生长和产孢,另一方面是复合处理诱导芒果果实提高了抗病性。因此,适宜浓度的肉桂精油复合壳聚糖乳液处理为防治芒果采后炭疽病提供了一种绿色新途径,研究结果可为我国芒果采后贮运保鲜产业的发展提供理论依据和应用参考。Mango is known as the“king of tropical fruits”for its unique flavor and rich nutrition.However,mango is extremely perishable during postharvest ripening,and the decay loss caused by anthracnose is the most serious.There-fore,how to prevent and control mango anthracnose after harvest has become a bottleneck problem restricting the healthy development of mango industry.In this paper,Tainong No.1 mango was used as the experimental material,and the green cinnamon essential oil composite chitosan lotion was used as the treatment means to study its control effect and mechanism on postharvest mango anthracnose,which would provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the development of postharvest mango storage,transportation and preservation industry in China.The results showed that the treatment of 0.5%cinnamon essential oil+0.3%chitosan had the best control effect on mango anthracnose,the treatment of 0.03%cinnamon essential oil could completely inhibit the growth and spore production of mango anthrac-nose in vitro,and the treatment of 0.01%and 0.02%cinnamon essential oil had obvious destructive effect on mango anthracnose mycelium.The complex treatment significantly inhibited the expansion of mango anthracnose disease spot,increased the content of disease resistance related substances lignin,total phenol(TP)and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),and increased the content of disease resistance related enzymes phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL),peroxidase(POD),β-1,3 glucanase(β-1,3-GA)and chitinase(CHI).It can be seen that cinnamon essential oil composite chitosan lotion has a good control effect on mango anthracnose by inhibiting or destroying the growth and spore production of mango an-thracnose mycelium,and inducing mango fruit to improve disease resistance.Therefore,the proper concentration of cinnamon essential oil combined with chitosan lotion treatment would provide a new green way to control mango an-thracnose after harvest.

关 键 词：芒果 炭疽病 肉桂精油 壳聚糖 防治效果 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]