通航水域泥沙固磷效应研究  

Phosphorus fixation effect by sediment in navigable waters

作　　者：李敏洁 丁跃[2] 孙猛[3] 吴攀 陆彦[1] 吴昱甫 LI Minjie;DING Yue;SUN Meng;WU Pan;LU Yan;WU Yufu(Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210024,China;Jiangsu Huaishuxin River Management Office,Huai an 223001,China;Huaihe River Intake Channel Project Management Office,Huai an 223211,China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210024 [2]江苏省淮沭新河管理处,江苏淮安223001 [3]江苏省淮河入海水道工程管理处,江苏淮安223211

出　　处：《水运工程》2023年第7期35-41,共7页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2240208);江苏省水利科技项目(2020003、2022041)。

摘　　要：通航水域污染治理难度大,限制了水运交通绿色发展,泥沙是影响通航水域水体磷负荷的重要因素。通过室内试验和野外现场试验,分析了航道泥沙对磷的等温吸附特性,提出酸性活化和钙性活化方法,比较了活化泥沙的磷吸附特征及动力学过程,探讨了泥沙活化除磷方法的适用性。结果表明,航道泥沙粒径和含量是影响磷平衡吸附量的重要因子,减小泥沙粒径和降低泥沙含量可增加对磷的平衡吸附量,最高可达0.944 mg/g;等温吸附和动力学分析表明,酸性活化泥沙对磷以物理吸附为主,钙性活化泥沙对磷以化学吸附为主;钙性活化泥沙最大磷饱和吸附量可达16.50 mg/g,在相同泥沙含量条件下,分别是酸性活化泥沙和天然泥沙的8.1、17.5倍。泥沙活化可提升天然泥沙吸附磷性能,作为潜在的水体除磷方法可为通航水域水质提升和污染治理提供基础研究支撑。The difficulty of pollution management in navigable waters restricts the green development of water transport traffic,and sediment is an important factor affecting the phosphorus load of navigable waters.This paper analyses the isothermal phosphorus adsorption characteristics of channel sediment through sediment adsorption indoor tests and field tests,proposes acidic activation and calcareous activation methods,compares the phosphorus adsorption characteristics and differential kinetic processes of activated sediment,and demonstrates and explores the applicability of the activated phosphorus removal method for polluted sediment.The results show that the particle size and content of the channel sediment are important factors affecting the equilibrium phosphorus adsorption,and that reducing the particle size or content of the sediment can increase the equilibrium phosphorus adsorption up to 0.944 mg g.The isothermal adsorption and kinetic adsorption analysis show that the phosphorus adsorption by acidic activated sediment is mainly physical adsorption,while the phosphorus adsorption by calcareous activated sediment is mainly chemical adsorption.The maximum phosphorus saturation adsorption by calcareous activated sediment is up to 16.5 mg g.The maximum phosphorus saturation adsorption capacity can reach 16.50 mg g,which is 8.1 and 17.5 times higher than that of acid-activated sediment and natural sediment respectively under the same sediment content.Sediment activation can enhance the performance of natural sediment in phosphorus adsorption,which can provide basic research support for water quality improvement and pollution control in navigable waters as a potential method for phosphorus removal in water bodies.

关 键 词：航道水污染 活化处理 细颗粒泥沙 磷等温吸附 动力学过程 

分 类 号：U611[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]