“大历史”中的“小世界”——论“三言二拍”的宋史书写与文学想象  

“Small World”in“Big History”-On the Historical Writing and Literary Imagination of the Song Dynasty in Sanyan and Erpai(三言二拍)

作　　者：梅东伟[1] MEI Dongwei(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Henan University,Kaifeng Henan 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学文学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《南都学坛（南阳师范学院人文社会科学学报）》2023年第4期45-52,共8页Academic Forum of Nandu:Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanyang Normal University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“黄河文学书写中的生态意识与民族精神研究”,项目编号:22JJD750022。

摘　　要：“三言二拍”关注宋朝的“大历史”,如熙宁变法、靖康之变等大事件和宋高宗、王安石、贾似道等大人物;但小说家叙述的重点却非“大历史”的波澜壮阔,而是“大历史”中的“小世界”,以此展现历史剧变下人物的艰难处境和人生体验,或是历史人物的逸闻趣事和适意生活,“小世界”未必契合正史叙述,却不违历史逻辑,并在“情理”维度丰富了“大历史”。“三言二拍”借“小世界”展开的宋史书写既有对市民趣味的迎合,也有文人趣味的表达,折射出明人对宋史的多元认知和历史观,尤其小说家对“靖康之变”的诸多关注,折射着明人的危机认识与社会焦虑以及对宋代的文化认同。“Sanyan and Erpai”(三言二拍),namely a trilogy of vernacular story collections compiled by Feng Menglong and a duology of vernacular stories written by Ling Mengchu in the Ming Dynasty,showcases the“big history”of the Song Dynasty,featuring such great events as the Xining Reforms and the Jingkang Incident,as well as such big heavyweights as Emperor Gao-zong of Song,Wang Anshi and Jia Sidao.However,the focal point of the novelists’narration lies not so much in the magnificent vicissitudes of the“big history”as in the smiles and tears of the“small world”.It is the“small world”in the“big history”that best demonstrates the difficult circumstances and life experiences the heroes or heroines underwent amid sweeping historical chan-ges.The anecdotal stories and poetic life experiences of historical figures stand vividly revealed through novelistic narration.The representation of the“small world”,though not necessarily in line with official records,does not run counter to historical logic,thus enriching the“big history”in the“emotional”dimension.The historical writing of the Song Dynasty as reflected in the de-piction of the“small world”in“Sanyan and Erpai”(三言二拍)not only catered to the tastes of the populace but also expressed the ideals of the literati,reflecting the multiple cognitive and historiographical perspectives of people in the Ming Dynasty towards the Song Dynasty.In particular,the novelists’attention to the Jingkang Incident bore testimony to the crisis awareness and social anxiety of people in the Ming Dynasty as well as their identification with the culture of the Song Dynasty.

关 键 词：大历史 小世界 宋史书写 三言二拍 文化认同 

分 类 号：I207.41[文学—中国文学]