绿豆蔻植物精油的提取、成分分析及抑菌活性研究  

Extraction of essential oil from cardamom and study on component analysis and its antibacterial activity

作　　者：黎颖欣 罗宇琪 陈温彤 吴利欢 LI Ying-xin;LUO Yu-qi;CHEN Wen-tong;WU Li-huan(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Zhaoqing University,Zhaoqing 526060,China)

机构地区：[1]肇庆学院环境与化学工程学院,广东肇庆526060

出　　处：《化学工程师》2023年第7期14-17,109,共5页Chemical Engineer

基　　金：广东省药品监督管理局科技创新项目(No.2021TDB35);肇庆市科技计划项目(No.2022040315022);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.S202110580063)。

摘　　要：为了研究绿豆蔻精油的化学成分以及抑菌活性,本文采用水蒸气盐析辅助蒸馏法提取绿豆蔻精油,通过气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对绿豆蔻精油成分进行分析;并以枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌为供菌种,测定绿豆蔻精油的抑菌活性。结果表明,绿豆蔻的最佳提取工艺条件为:Na Cl浓度为5%,液料比为12∶1(m L∶g),提取时间为3.0 h,在此条件下,精油的提取率最高可达5.6%;对绿豆蔻精油进行GC-MS分析,检测出20种化合物,其中萜类化合物18种;进一步的抑菌活性研究显示,绿豆蔻精油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、沙门氏菌均有良好的抑菌作用,其中对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果最好。In order to study the chemical composition,antibacterial activity of the essential oil of cardamom,the essential oil of cardamom was extracted by salting-out assisted steam distillation,and its components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and Salmonella were used as strains to determine the antibacterial activity of the essential oil of cardamom.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows:NaCl concentration was 5%,the ratio of liquid to solid was 12∶1(mL∶g),and the extraction time was 3.0h.Under these conditions,the extraction rate of essential oil was up to 5.6%.The essential oil of cardamom was analyzed by GC-MS,and 20 compounds were detected,including 18 terpenoids.Further study on antibacterial activity showed that the essential oil of cardamom had good antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella,and the antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli was the best.

关 键 词：绿豆蔻精油 化学成分分析 抑菌活性 提取 

分 类 号：O626.2[理学—有机化学]