高温高湿地区两种空调控温模式对稻谷安全储藏的影响研究  

Effects of Two Air-conditioning Temperature Control Modes on the Safe Storage of Rice in High-temperature and High-humidity Areas

作　　者：陈月银 黄东阳 吴问君 魏海山 钟伟先 蔡庆春 郑元欣 郭超[2] CHEN Yue-yin;HUANG Dong-yang;WU Wen-jun;WEI Hai-shan;ZHONG Wei-xian;CAI Qing-chun;ZHENG Yuan-xin;GUO Chao(Meizhou Depot of Guangdong Grain Reserve Management Group Co.,Ltd,Meizhou,Guangdong 514071,China;Laboratory of Grain Storage and Pest Control,Grain Storage and Logistics National Engineering Laboratory,Guangdong Institute for Cereal Science Research,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510310,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省储备粮管理集团有限公司梅州直属库,广东梅州514071 [2]广东省粮食科学研究所有限公司粮食储藏与害虫防治研究室,广东广州510310

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2023年第4期170-176,共7页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：中国烟草总公司烟草绿色防控重大专项[110202101029(LS-04)];粤储粮科研重大专项(2021001)。

摘　　要：研究了温度为22℃、日开启时长13 h和温度为24℃、日开启时长24 h的空调控温模式下高温高湿储粮区稻谷储藏过程粮堆温度变化情况,比较了控温储藏前后稻谷水分和脂肪酸值的变化情况,分析了不同深度粮堆水平方向上各层温度变化差异,评估了利用空调控温实现准低温储粮的技术可行性。结果表明,在不同空调运行模式下,粮堆平均温度和最高粮温均缓慢升高。空调控温储粮对粮堆表层温度影响较大,对中层粮温影响较小,在空调控温储藏期间下层粮温可能受地坪温度影响。降低控温温度但缩短其控温时长的控温模式更加经济高效,采取22℃+13 h的控温模式比24℃+24 h的控温模式能够节约12.4%左右的用电费用。同时,控温空调对基础粮温较低的粮堆在仓温、表层粮温以及平均粮温的控制效果上较为明显,粮堆基础粮温对控温储粮技术的实施具有重要作用。The temperature changes of grain piles during rice storage in high-temperature and high-humidity grain storage areas were studied under the air-conditioning temperature control mode with a temperature of 22℃and a daily opening time of 13 h and a temperature of 24℃and a daily opening time of 24 h.The changes of rice moisture and fatty acid values before and after temperature-controlled storage were compared,and the differences in temperature changes in each layer in the horizontal direction of grain piles at different depths were analyzed.The results showed that the average temperature and the maximum grain temperature of the grain pile increased slowly under different air-conditioning operation modes.Air-conditioned temperature-controlled grain storage had a greater impact on the surface temperature of the grain pile,but less impact on the middle layer grain temperature.During the air-conditioned temperature-controlled storage period,the lower layer grain temperature may be affected by the floor temperature.The temperature control mode that lowered the temperature control temperature but shortened the temperature control time was more economical and efficient.The temperature control mode of 22℃+13 h could save about 12.4%of electricity costs compared with the temperature control mode of 24℃+24 h.At the same time,the control effect of the warehouse temperature,surface grain temperature and average grain temperature of the grain pile with a lower basic grain temperature was more obvious,and the basic grain temperature of the grain pile played an important role in the implementation of temperature-controlled grain storage technology.

关 键 词：空调 控温 稻谷 高温高湿储粮区 

分 类 号：S379.5[农业科学—农产品加工]