上海地铁站内中青年与老年不规范佩戴口罩情况研究  

A Study on the Irregular Wearing of Masks in the Subway Station in Shanghai Between the Young/Middle-Aged and The Elderly

作　　者：夏明康 唐文娟 丁园 潘新锋 陈伟 刘洁仪 Xia Mingkang;Tang Wenjuan;Ding Yuan;Pan Xinfeng;Chen Wei;Liu Jieyi(Shanghai Municipal Center for Health Promotion,Shanghai 200040,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市健康促进中心,上海200040

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2023年第3期224-228,共5页Health Education and Health Promotion

基　　金：上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2020-2022年)——群防群控中的健康促进能力建设(GWV-8);上海市公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2020-2022年)学科人才建设计划——健康教育与健康传播(GWV-10.1-XK14)。

摘　　要：目的 了解地铁站内中青年及老年乘客不规范佩戴口罩的情况及影响因素,为后续制定防疫政策提供依据。方法 采用方便抽样的方法,于2021年9、11、12月选取上海市中心城区某地铁三线交汇枢纽站开展三轮现场观察,以logistic回归结合决策树法进行多因素分析。结果 中青年、老年的不规范佩戴率分别为4.22%和7.34%。对于老年人而言,电话/语音、带小孩是促进变量,高峰时段、通过闸机、轮次是抑制变量;对于中青年而言,电话/语音、带小孩是促进变量,性别为女、戴眼镜/墨镜、高峰出行是抑制变量。决策树的模型显示,无论是老年还是中青年,是否为高峰时段都是影响不规范佩戴口罩的最首要因素,而影响程度次要因素则各有不同。结论 应结合本研究的结果,针对不同人群的不同影响因素,因人而异地采取综合措施,进一步提升地铁站内乘客规范佩戴口罩的比例。Objective To understand the situation of irregular mask wearing and the impact factors of young/middle-aged and elderly passengers in a subway station,so as to provide a basis for the subsequent formulation of prevention policies and measures.Methods Using a convenience sampling method,in September,November and December 2021,a three-line interchange metro station in downtown in Shanghai was selected to carry out three rounds of in-station observation,with logistic regression combined with decision tree method for multi-factor analysis.Results The irregular wearing rates for young/middle-aged and older adults were 4.22%and 7.34%,respectively.For older adults,phone/voice and carrying children were the promoting variables,and peak hour,passing through the ticket gate,and survey-rounds were the inhibiting variables.For young/middle-aged and older adults,phone/voice and carrying children were the promoting variables,and gender as female,wearing glasses/sunglasses,and peak hour were the inhibiting variables.The decision tree model showed that peak hours were the most important factor influencing irregular mask wearing for both older and young/middle-aged,while the factors with the second highest influence degree varied.Conclusion According to the different impact factors of different populations,it is advisable to combine the results of this study and take comprehensive measures to further increase the proportion of passengers wearing masks in subway stations in the future.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 口罩 现场观察 决策树 LOGISTIC回归 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]