不同钝化措施对水稻土壤及糙米重金属含量的影响  

Effects of Different Passivation Measures on Heavy Metal Contents in Rice Soil and Brown Rice

作　　者：陶启威 盛金元 席庆 赵品恒 陈敏炀 TAO Qi-wei;SHENG Jin-yuan;XI Qing(New Rural Development Research Institute Co.,Ltd.of NJAU(Changshu),Changshu,Jiangsu 215500;Crop Cultivation Technology Guidance Station of Changshu,Changshu,Jiangsu 215500)

机构地区：[1]南农大(常熟)新农村发展研究院有限公司,江苏常熟215500 [2]常熟市作物栽培技术指导站,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第13期75-80,88,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2020年度常熟市科技发展计划(农业)项目(CN202004-2)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选出降低水稻土壤及糙米重金属的较优钝化措施,为稻米安全生产提供参考。[方法]通过单独施用生物有机肥、土壤调理剂和钙镁磷肥,复合施用“土壤调理剂+叶面阻控剂”“生物有机肥+钙镁磷肥”,比较其对水稻土壤和糙米重金属含量以及水稻产量的影响。[结果]各项钝化措施中,相比CK处理,单施生物有机肥3 000、4 500 kg/hm^(2),土壤Hg含量分别降低了35.85%和24.53%,土壤Cr含量分别降低了10.55%和20.86%,水稻糙米I-As含量分别降低了27.03%和10.81%,产量分别增加了33.91%和49.90%,效果较优;复合施用“生物有机肥1 650 kg/hm^(2)+钙镁磷肥150 kg/hm^(2)”,土壤Pb含量降低了31.32%,水稻糙米I-As降低了18.92%,具有良好效果。[结论]单施生物有机肥3 000~4 500 kg/hm^(2)和复合施用“生物有机肥1 650 kg/hm^(2)+钙镁磷肥150 kg/hm^(2)”是降低水稻土壤及糙米重金属的较优钝化措施。[Objective]To screen optimal passivation measures for reducing heavy metals in rice soil and brown rice,and provide reference for safe rice production.[Method]By applying bio-organic fertilizer,soil conditioner and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer separately,and combining them with“soil conditioner+leaf surface inhibitor”and“bio-organic fertilizer+calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer”,the effects on heavy metal content and rice yield in rice soil and brown rice were compared.[Result]The passivation measures were compared with CK treatment,when single applying bio-organic fertilizer at 3000 and 4500 kg/hm^(2),soil Hg content was reduced by 35.85%and 24.53%,soil Cr content was reduced by 10.55%and 20.86%,brown rice I-As content was reduced by 27.03%and 10.81%,and yield was increased by 33.91%and 49.90%,resulting in better results.When combined applying“bio-organic fertilizer 1650 kg/hm^(2)+calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 150 kg/hm^(2)”,soil Pb content was reduced by 31.32%and brown rice I-As content was reduced by 18.92%,showing good results.[Conclusion]Single applying bio-organic fertilizer of 3000-4500 kg/hm^(2) and combined applying“bio-organic fertilizer of 1650 kg/hm^(2)+calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer of 150 kg/hm^(2)”were better passivation measures for reducing heavy metals in rice soil and brown rice.

关 键 词：钝化措施 水稻 土壤 糙米 重金属含量 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]