乙酰苯胺合成实验的改进  

Improvement on Synthesis Experiment of Acetanilide

作　　者：杨玉峰 韩春亮 YANG Yufeng;HAN Chunliang(College of Chemistry and Environment,Henan Finance University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南财政金融学院环境经济学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南教育学院学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期55-58,共4页Journal of Henan Institute of Education(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南财政金融学院教育教学改革研究项目(JYXM202011)。

摘　　要：实验教材以苯胺为底物、乙酸为酰化试剂,采用分馏法合成乙酰苯胺,分馏温度不易控制、产率低。以自制简易精馏装置、等摩尔量的乙酸和苯胺混合液逐滴滴入沸腾过量乙酸中的加料方式、反应精馏合成乙酰苯胺,实验操作容易、重现性好、反应时间短、产率高、过程环保。通过对教材中经典实验的改进、延伸与拓展,调动了学生对实验研究的积极性,提高了他们分析问题和解决问题的能力,可在本科生实验中大力推广。In the experimental textbook,acetanilide is synthesized by fractional distillation with aniline as substrate and acetic acid as acylation reagent.The temperature of fractional distillation is difficult to control and the yield is low.In order to overcome its disadvantages,a simple distillation device was made to synthesize acetanilide by reactive distillation,and the mixture of acetic acid and aniline with equal molar amount was added into boiling excess acetic acid drop by drop.The improved method has the advantages of easy operation,good reproducibility,short reaction time,high yield and environmental protection.Through the improvement,extension and expansion of the classic experiments in the teaching materials,the enthusiasm of students for experimental research is improved,and their ability to analyze and solve problems is improved,which could be widely promoted in undergraduate experiments.

关 键 词：乙酸 苯胺 乙酰苯胺 酰化反应 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学] O625.52[文化科学—教育学]