适合青贮的玉米品种生产性能筛选及营养价值评价  

Poduction performance screening and nutritional value evaluation of corn varieties suitable for silage

作　　者：王挺 张力[2] 张凡凡[1] 黄嵘峥 李肖 张玉琳 陈永成 赵建涛 马春晖[1] WANG Ting;ZHANG Li;ZHANG Fanfan;HUANG Rongzheng;LI Xiao;ZHANG Yulin;CHEN Yongcheng;ZHAO Jiantao;MA Chunhui(Collegeof Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China;Crop Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]新疆农垦科学院作物研究所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第7期1596-1605,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选适宜新疆地区种植的青贮优质玉米品种。【方法】选择17个玉米品种(青贮专用型,粮饲兼用型,普通型)为研究对象,设置品种比较试验,分析参试品种的产量、农艺性状及营养品质差异。【结果】新饲玉13号的生长天数最短(116 d),桂青贮1号的生长天数最长(143 d);恩喜爱298的干草产量最高(70.33 t/hm^(2)),新玉15号最低(25.69 t/hm^(2))。新沃1号的籽粒产量最高(10.75 t/hm^(2)),屯玉168最低(5.95 t/hm^(2))。农艺性状中,奥玉5102的株高最高(359 cm),新玉15号最低(241.67 cm)。桂青贮1号的穗位高最高(224.67 cm),和育187最低(97.67 cm)。新饲玉13号的倒伏率最高(36.98%),先玉335、郑单958、先玉1321、新引KWS2564、新玉15号、京科968及先糯玉335共7个品种未倒伏。桂青贮1号的倒折率最高(9.73%),新饲玉13号、新引KWS2564、新玉15号、先玉1321、郑单958、铁研53及屯玉168未倒折。新沃1号的干物质(DM)含量最高(38.83%)和育187最低(24.16%)。先玉335的淀粉(Starch)含量最高(32.77%),和育187最低(23.75%)。京科968的粗蛋白(CP)含量最高(9.00%),新玉15号最低(7.47%)。先糯玉335的水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量最高(41.28%),奥玉5102最低(13.24%)。郑单958的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)最低(43.93%),新饲玉11号最高(55.97%)。京科968的酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)最低(24.96%),奥玉5102最高(40.56%)。综合价值排名为先玉335>先玉1321>恩喜爱298>京科968>新饲玉13号>先糯玉335>新沃1号>郑单958>新饲玉12号>新饲玉11号>铁研53>新引KWS2564>桂青贮1号>屯玉168>和育187>新玉15号>奥玉5102。【结论】先玉335、先玉1321及恩喜爱298适宜在新疆地区作为用于青贮的玉米品种推广种植。【Objective】The purpose of this study is to screen out high-quality silage corn varieties suitable for planting in Xinjiang.【Methods】17 silage corn varieties(silage-specific,grain-feeding,ordinary)were selected as research objects to carry out variety comparison tests,and analyze the differences in yield,agronomic characters and nutritional quality of the tested varieties.【Results】The results showed that the growth days of Xinsiyu 13 was the shortest(116 d)and Guisilage 1 was the longest(143 d).The hay yield of Enxiai 298 was the highest(70.33 t/hm^(2))and Xinyu 15 was the lowest(25.69 t/hm^(2)).The grain yield of Xinwo 1 was the highest(10.75 t/hm^(2))and Tunyu 168 was the lowest(5.95 t/hm^(2)).Among the agronomic characters,the plant height of Aoyu 5102 was the highest(359 cm)and Xinyu 15 was the lowest(241.67 cm).The ear height of Guisilage 1 was the highest(224.67 cm)and Heyu 187 was the lowest(97.67 cm).The lodging rate of Xinsiyu 13 was the highest(36.98%),Xianyu 335,Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 1321,Xinyin KWS2564,Xinyu 15,Jingke 968 and Xiannuoyu 335 did not lodge.The fold rate of Guisilage 1 was the highest(9.73%),Xinsiyu 13,Xinyin KWS2564,Xinyu 15,Xianyu 1321,Zhengdan 958,Tieyan 53 and Tunyu 168 did not fold.In nutrition,Xinwo 1 was the highest(38.83%)and Heyu 187 was the lowest(24.16%).The Starch content of Xianyu 335 was the highest(32.77%)and Heyu 187 was the lowest(23.75%).The crude protein(CP)content of Jingke 968 was the highest(9.00%)and Xinyu 15 was the lowest(7.47%).The Water-soluble carbohydrate(WSC)content of Xiannuoyu 335 has the highest(41.28%)and Aoyu 5102 has the lowest(13.24%).The Neutral washing fiber(NDF)of Zhengdan 958 was the lowest(43.93%)and Xinsiyu 11 was the highest(55.97%).The acid washing fiber(ADF)of Jingke 968 was the lowest(24.96%)and Aoyu 5102 was the highest(40.56%).The comprehensive value rank was,Xianyu 335>Xianyu 1321>Enxiai 298>Jingke 968>Xinsiyu 13>Xiannuoyu 335>Xinwo 1>Zhengdan 958>Xinsiyu 12>Xinsiyu 11>Tieyan 53>Xinyin KWS2564>Guisilage 1>Tunyu 168>Heyu 187>Xinyu

关 键 词：青贮玉米 品种 产量 农艺性状 营养品质 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]