3~5岁听障儿童气质特点对家长教养方式选择的影响  

The Influence of Temperament Characteristics on Parenting Style Selection of 3-5 Year Old Hearing-Impaired Children

作　　者：马艳芳 MA Yan-fang

机构地区：[1]中国听力语言康复研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2023年第4期428-431,共4页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的考察全面康复模式下3~5岁听障儿童的气质特点对家长教养方式选择的影响,为提高听障儿童家长教养水平及康复训练效果提供参考依据。方法选取北京某幼儿园(含康复中心)206名3~5岁听障儿童,采用3~7岁儿童气质问卷和家长教养方式问卷施测。结果高规律性或低反应阈的听障儿童更易引发家长的民主性行为;低规律性、高趋避性、消极郁闷心境和高反应阈、消极郁闷心境、低适应度或高注意分散度的听障儿童分别易引发家长的溺爱性行为、放任性行为、专制性行为及不一致性行为。结论全面康复模式下3~5岁听障儿童气质特点对家长教养方式有显著影响,其中积极气质因素为高规律性或低反应阈更易引发家长的民主性行为;消极气质因素为低规律性、高趋避性、低适应度、消极郁闷心境、高注意分散度、高反应阈等更易引发家长消极的教养方式。Objective To investigate the influence of temperament characteristics of hearing-impaired children aged 3-5 years on the choice of parental rearing mode under the comprehensive rehabilitation model,so as to provide a reference for improving the parenting level of hearing-impaired children and the effect of rehabilitation training.Methods 206 hearing-impaired children aged 3-5 years in a kindergarten(including a rehabilitation center)in Beijing were selected as subjects,and the temperament questionnaire for children aged 3-7 years and the parenting styles questionnaire for parents were used.Results Hearing impaired children with high regularity or low response threshold are more likely to trigger parents'democratic behavior.Hearing impaired children with low regularity,high avoidance,negative depressive mood and high response threshold,negative depressive mood,low fitness or high dispersion of attention are easy to cause parents'indulgent behavior,unrestrained behavior,autocratic behavior and inconsistent behavior,respectively.Conclusion Under the comprehensive rehabilitation model,the temperament characteristics of hearing impaired children aged 3-5 years have a significant impact on parents'parenting styles.The positive temperament factors of high regularity or low response threshold are more likely to trigger democratic behavior of parents;The negative temperament factors are low regularity,high avoidance,low adaptability,negative depressed mood,high attention dispersion,high reaction threshold,etc.,which are more likely to trigger parents'negative parenting styles.

关 键 词：听障儿童 气质 教养方式 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]