试论朱舜水与胡安国的《春秋》观之异同  

A Preliminary Study of the Similarities and Differences between Zhu Shunshui's and Hu Anguo's Views on The Spring and Autumn Annals

作　　者：林美茂[1] 赵雯萱 LIN Mei-mao;ZHAO Wen-xuan(Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学,北京100872

出　　处：《云南大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期44-54,共11页The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：中国人民大学2022年度“中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金”支持。

摘　　要：朱舜水的《春秋》观对《大日本史》编史意识的形成产生了重要影响,而其《春秋》观又深受胡安国《春秋传》的影响。比较分析二人《春秋》观,对于《春秋》学史和《大日本史》史观的理解都很有价值。我们认为,二人的《春秋》观之间虽有渊源关系,但学术重点不同,学术风格各异。胡安国意在“尊王”之统绪,以谨始通贯他旨;朱舜水意在通过“尊王”之阶序,以虚君敬奉天命。胡安国的《春秋传》作为科举定本一直影响了元明清三朝,在政治上强化了“尊王”的论述;朱舜水指导编纂《大日本史》对德川日本的体制和儒学话语变迁都有所影响,其“虚君”问题一直延续到明治时期。二人在《春秋》观上的差别有身份、地域及历史境况的原因。胡安国的《春秋》观作为朱舜水《春秋》观的重要来源是需要加以说明的,但更重要的是揭示二人《春秋》观之“异”的《春秋》学意义。Zhu Shunshui's view on The Spring and Autumn Annals had an important influence on the formation of the principle for compiling A Great History of Japan while his view on The Spring and Autumn Annals was deeply influenced by Hu Anguo's The Spring and Autumn Annals Revisited.A comparative analysis of their views on The Spring and Autumn Annals is of great significance to the understanding of the academic history of The Spring and Autumn Annals and the historical idea of A Great History of Japan.This comparative study reveals that although there is a historical relationship between the two works,they have different academic focuses and different academic styles.Cautious from the very beginning,Hu Anguo intended to make“honor the king”as the guiding principle for interpreting all other aspects;Zhu Shunshui intended to honor the king in a hierological order and worship the heaven more than the monarch.Hu Anguo's The Spring and Autumn Annals Revisited as the definitive edition for the imperial examination successively influenced the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,and furthered the discussion of“honor the king”politically.A Great History of Japan under the guidance of Zhu Shunshui had an impact on the system of the Tokugawa period of Japan and the change in the Japanese Confucian discourse,and the discussion of“worship the heaven more than the monarch”continued until the Meiji period.Their different views on The Spring and Autumn Annals are related to their different identities,localities and historical situations.It is worthwhile to point out that Hu Anguo's view on The Spring and Autumn Annals is an important source of Zhu Shunshui's view on The Spring and Autumn Annals,but it is more significant to reveal their different views on The Spring and Autumn Annals in the studies of The Spring and Autumn Annals.

关 键 词：朱舜水 胡安国 《春秋》观 

分 类 号：B22[哲学宗教—中国哲学]