人工与自动气温观测差异日变化对比研究  

Comparative study on daily variation of manual and automatic observation of temperature differences

作　　者：朱宏武 罗丹 王亚 钟艳雯 ZHU Hongwu;LUO Dan;WANG Ya;ZHONG Yanwen(Hunan Meteorological Information Center,Changsha 410118,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Changsha 410118,China;Hunan Meteorological Service Center,Changsha 410118,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省气象信息中心,湖南长沙410118 [2]气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410118 [3]湖南省气象服务中心,湖南长沙410118

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2023年第15期102-106,共5页Modern Electronics Technique

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ4397);湖南省气象局重点课题(XQKJ21A005)。

摘　　要：使用2000—2007年中国地面自动站人工平行观测数据集对人工和自动气温观测差异日变化与空间特征进行统计分析。结果表明:人工与自动气温观测差值幅度及变化趋势存在较为明显的日变化,人工观测与自动观测数据夜间一致性高于日间,夜间21:00—次日5:00气温一致性较高,日间10:00—12:00气温一致性最低,不区分人工与自动气温序列差异可能影响气候趋势分析的可靠性。从空间特征分布看,中国区域日平均气温一致性高于日最高气温和日最低气温,广东、广西地区气温一致性高于其他地区。观测资料一致性是天气分析的重要基础,分析结果将有助于改进气象数据观测质量,辅助提高气温资料的代表性和比较性。The daily variation and space characteristics of the manual and automatic observation of temperature differences are statistically analyzed with the manual and automatic temperature parallel observation dataset of China′s national ground weather station during 2000—2007.The results show that there is a relatively obvious daily variation at the difference range and variation trend between the manual and automatic temperature observation.The manual observation data and automatic observation data at night are more consistent than those during the day.The temperature consistency is higher between the hours of 21:00 and 05:00(Beijing time),and the consistency is the lowest between the hours of 10:00 and 12:00(Beijing time).Neglecting the difference between manual and automatic temperature sequences may affect the reliability of climate trend analysis.In the perspective of the spatial feature distribution,the consistency of daily average temperature are higher than those of the daily maximum temperature and the daily minimum temperature in China,and Guangdong and Guangxi areas are more consistent than the other areas in China.Consistency of observational data is an important basis for weather analysis.The analysis results are not only helpful to the improvement of the observation quality of the meteorological data,but also helpful to the improvement of the representation and comparativeness.

关 键 词：测控 质量 现代化 可靠性 气候变化 气温 人工观测 自动观测 差异 

分 类 号：TN919-34[电子电信—通信与信息系统]