基于中药药性理论的相反相成配伍规律的思考  

Reflection on the compatibility principle of mutual antagonism and mutual promotion based on the theory of property and flavor of Traditional Chinese Medicine

作　　者：何丹丹 黄国维 何海秋 罗良涛[1,3] He Dandan;Huang Guowei;He Haiqiu;Luo Liangtao(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;School of Medical Humanities,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学中医药学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学医学人文学院,北京100069 [3]中医络病研究北京市重点实验室,北京100069

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2023年第13期10-15,共6页Capital Food Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81503400)。

摘　　要：方剂的配伍是中医遣方用药的关键,通过各类精妙配伍,可使不同药味融汇一方而发挥协同效应。其中,相反相成配伍在中医药理论的指导下,熟练应用对立统一规律,将性效“相反”的药物进行“相成”配伍,共奏各取所长、纠偏防过、去性存用之功。相反相成配伍临证运用范围广泛,但鉴于中药性效属性的多元性与丰富性,其配伍形式易趋于纷繁复杂。而中药药性理论作为辨证用药的重要依据,是连接相反相成配伍理论思维和临床疗效的桥梁,以此为基,可使相反相成配伍用之有本。故此文通过总结前辈探索的规律,以中药药性理论为依据,从四气、五味、升降浮沉、润燥、补泄、归经六个角度对相反相成配伍予以重新梳理,旨在加深理论认识,理解配伍思维,为临床组方提供帮助。The compatibility of prescriptions in Traditional Chinese Medicine is the key to prescription and medication.Through a variety of ingenious compatibility,different Chinese medications can be integrated into one prescription and exert the synergistic effect.Under the guidance of the traditional Chinese medical theory,skillfully applying the law of unity of opposites,doctors practice the compatibility of mutual antagonism and mutual promotion and combine traditional Chinese medications whose properties and effects are"mutually antagonistic"into prescriptions in which they are"mutually promoted",in order to achieve the effect of giving full play to the advantages of each,correcting the deviation,preventing the excessiveness,neutralizing the unwanted properties but retaining the functions.Compatibility of mutual antagonism and mutual promotion has a wide range of clinical applications.However,compatibility forms easily tend to be complicated,as a result of the diversity and richness of traditional Chinese medications.As an important basis for medication based on symptom differentiation,the theory of property and flavor of Chinese medicine is a bridge connecting the compatibility theory of mutual antagonism and mutual promotion and clinical effect.On this basis,the application of the compatibility of mutual antagonism and mutual promotion can be well supported.Therefore,by summarizing the rules of predecessors'explorations and based on the theory of property and flavor of Chinese medicine,this paper rearranges the mutual antagonism and mutual promotion compatibility from six angles including the four properties,the five flavors,the ascending and the descending,the moistening and the desiccation,the tonifying and the purgating,and meridian tropism.The aim is to deepen theoretical awareness,understand compatibility mindset,and provide help for making clinical prescriptions.

关 键 词：中药药性理论 相反相成 配伍 

分 类 号：R289[医药卫生—方剂学]