高血压患者治疗依从性与自我效能水平及健康教育策略  

Therapeutic compliance,self-efficacy and health education strategies in hypertensive patients

作　　者：蔡小红[1] 刘春燕 刘晓梅[1] CAI Xiaohong;LIU Chunyan;LIU Xiaomei(Clinical Medical College of Suzhou Vocational and Technical College,Jiangsu Province,Suzhou 215009,China;Suzhou High-tech Zone Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Hengtang Street Community Health Service Center),Jiangsu Province,Suzhou 215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州卫生职业技术学院临床医学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]江苏省苏州高新区中医医院(横塘街道社区卫生服务中心),江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2023年第21期121-125,共5页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：江苏省卫生计生委科研课题(J201501);江苏高校“青蓝工程”优秀教学团队项目(苏教师函〔2021〕11号);江苏省苏州市高新区青年项目(2016Q014)。

摘　　要：目的探讨中老年高血压患者治疗依从性及自我效能水平。方法对苏州市学府社区高血压患者进行治疗依从性及自我效能调查。结果119例高血压患者中男62例,女57例;年龄45~92岁,平均(66.88±7.43)岁。119例高血压患者治疗依从性高者占68.9%,依从性低者占31.1%;治疗依从性量表总分(97.45±10.17)分。119例高血压患者存在以下药物和非药物治疗依从性问题:①服药行为不良者占26.9%~37.0%;②遵医行为不良者占17.6%~38.7%;③饮食习惯不良者占86.6%~89.1%;④生活习惯与行为不良者占74.8%~82.4%;⑤遵循限酒、戒烟建议不良者占43.7%、46.2%;⑥心理调节、减轻压力能力不良者占79.8%~89.1%;⑦服药行为不良患者的占比较低,而非药物治疗依从性不良患者的占比较高。119例高血压患者自我效能得分率为82.9%,自我效能好者53.78%,自我效能水平总体不高,部分患者对坚持健康的生活习惯与行为、遵医服药和血压自我监管等自我效能问题信心不足。结论苏州社区中老年高血压患者治疗依从性水平较国内研究略高,但是仍然存在不依从问题,非药物治疗依从性不良者的占比较服药行为不良者占比更高;自我效能水平总体不高,部分患者对坚持健康的生活习惯与行为、遵医服药和血压自我监管等自我效能问题信心不足,需要进行健康教育提高治疗依从性、自我效能水平和自信心。Objective To investigate the treatment compliance and self-efficacy level of middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension in Suzhou.Methods The therapeutic compliance and self-efficacy of hypertension patients in Xuefu community of Suzhou were investigated.Results There were 62 males and 57 females in 119 patients with hypertension.The mean age was(66.88±7.43)years old(range 45-92 years old).The 119 patients with hypertension had high compliance of 68.9%and low compliance of 31.1%.The total average score of the therapeutic compliance scale was(97.45±10.17).A total of 119 hypertensive patients had the following problems of medication and non-medication adherence:①Poor medication behavior accounted for 26.9%-37.0%.②Poor compliance accounted for 17.6%-38.7%.③86.6%-89.1%of them had bad eating habits.④The proportion of poor living habits and behaviors was 74.8%-82.4%.⑤43.7%and 46.2%of the subjects did not follow the advice of alcohol limit and smoking cessation.⑥The poor ability of psychological adjustment and stress relief accounted for 79.8%-89.1%.⑦The proportion of patients with poor medication behavior was relatively low,while the proportion of patients with non-medication compliance was relatively high.The score rate of self-efficacy of 119 hypertensive patients was 82.9%and 53.78%of them had good self-efficacy.The overall level of self-efficacy was not high,and some patients had insufficient confidence in adhering to healthy living habits and behaviors,compliance with medication and self-regulation of blood pressure.Conclusion The treatment compliance of middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension in Suzhou community is slightly higher than that in domestic research,but there is still the problem of non-compliance.The proportion of non-drug treatment compliance is higher than that of poor medication behavior.The level of self-efficacy is generally not high,and some patients are lack of confidence in the self-efficacy issues such as adherence to healthy living habits and behaviors,med

关 键 词：高血压 治疗依从性 自我效能 健康教育 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]