论一种立足于政治企业家的认知民主理论  

On a Epistemic Democracy Theory Based on Political Entrepreneu

作　　者：王礼鑫 WANG Lixin

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学与法政学院,200234

出　　处：《国外社会科学前沿》2023年第5期13-26,共14页JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCES

摘　　要：民主的认识论以论证民主过程能制定出优质政策而著称。然而,认知民主派关于从分散知识到集体智慧的论点,忽视了这一过程所包含的企业家精神。在共同体中,凭借政治企业家的才能,发现增进共同体福祉的机会并设法实现,或应对不确定性。就是说,政策制定包含了企业家式创新理性行为。从知识角度审视政治企业家与政策制定,可知:优质政策是生长、进化出来的,政治企业家在其中的功能是知识转换、提出新想法并使方案明晰化、调动资源去实施方案等;企业家精神、政治企业家具有“不可设计性”,故要求相宜制度等。在现有认知民主理论中,规范研究类文献几乎未提及创新、企业家精神、政治企业家,实证研究类文献未能将政治企业家议题充分理论化。认知民主理论在接纳政治企业家及其创新活动后,将具有一个更坚实的基石,并主张一个结合了选举民主与政治企业家政治的混合政体。The epistemology of democracy is famous for demonstrating that the democratic process could make high-quality policies.However,the argument of epistemic democrats on the transition from scattered knowledge to collective wisdom ignore the entrepreneurship involved in this process.In the community,we rely on the talents of political entrepreneurs to find opportunities to improve the well-being of the community and try to realize them,or response to uncertainty.In other words,policy-making includes entrepreneurial innovative rational behavior.Examining political entrepreneurs and policy making from the perspective of knowledge,we can see that highquality policies are produced by growing and evolving,the roles of political entrepreneurs is to transform knowledge,put forward new ideas,make the scheme clearly and mobilize resources to implement the scheme;The Entrepreneurship,political entrepreneurs are'non designable',so appropriate systems are required.In the existing epistemic democracy theory,normative research literature hardly mentions innovation,entrepreneurship and political entrepreneurs,and empirical research literature fails to fully theorize the issue of political entrepreneurs.After accepting political entrepreneurs and their innovative activities,epistemic democracy theory will have a more solid foundation and advocate a mixed regime combining electoral democracy and political entrepreneur politics.

关 键 词：认知民主 认知民主派 政治企业家 企业家精神 混合政体 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]