多线切割机线锯系统张力预补偿控制与试验  

Tension Precompensation Control and Test of Wire Saw System for Multi-wire Cutting Machine

作　　者：范维 陈剑文 曾荣 FAN Wei;CHEN Jianwen;ZENG Rong(College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China;Hubei Sanjiang Aerospace Honglin Detect and Control Co.,Ltd.,Xiaogan Hubei 432000,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北三江航天红林探控有限公司,湖北孝感432000

出　　处：《机床与液压》2023年第13期21-26,共6页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2662018QD027);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51605182)。

摘　　要：针对多线切割机线锯缠绕换向和往复走丝加工硬脆材料,导致线锯张力变化影响加工精度的问题,提出一种新的张力预补偿控制策略。首先通过自主研发的多线切割机和张紧轮系统,研究线锯在导轮两侧的张力变化规律。然后根据线锯张力波动对张紧轮角位移的影响得出张紧控制系统的预补偿模型,结合伺服系统三环架构,设计基于可编程运动控制器的多线切割张力预补偿控制器,进行张力预补偿控制与伺服系统自带的传统PID控制下的张力波动与速度跟随性能测试和试验验证,试验结果表明张力预补偿控制下线锯张力波动差值更小,线锯系统稳定性更好。The change of wire tool s tension has an influence on machining precision in machining hard and brittle materials,especially in the reversing and reciprocating process.Aiming at this problem,a novel tension precompensation control was proposed.Based on the self-developed multi-line cutting machine and tension system,the rule of tension change of guide wheel was analyzed.Then,the tension precompensation model was developed through the impact analysis of tension fluctuation on rotational displacements.Combined with the three-loop servo control structure,the tension precompensation controller was designed based on programmable motion controller.The impacts on tension fluctuation and velocity trajectory of proposed control scheme with tension precompensation and traditional servo PID control were compared and tested.The experimental results show that the proposed control scheme with tension precompensation has the advantages of low tension fluctuation and high movement stability.

关 键 词：多线切割 张力建模 预补偿 伺服控制 试验研究 

分 类 号：TG596[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]