天津市护士工作压力现状及影响因素分析  

The Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Work Stress of Nurses in Tianjin

作　　者：王莉 于文超[4] 刘先夺 陈娜 原晓华 生雅玮 杜汋 WANG Li;YU Wen-chao;LIU Xian-duo;CHEN Na;YUAN Xiao-hua;SHENG Ya-wei;DU Yue(School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin,300070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院,天津300070 [2]天津医科大学突发公共卫生事件应急研究中心,天津300070 [3]天津市基本公共卫生服务质量控制中心,天津300070 [4]天津市卫生健康委,天津300201 [5]天津市第三中心医院,天津300170

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2023年第6期98-102,共5页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BGL247)。

摘　　要：目的:调查天津市护士工作压力现状,并分析工作压力的影响因素,为医院管理者有效缓解护士工作压力提供参考。方法:2022年6—7月采用便利抽样法,应用中国护士工作压力源量表对天津市各医院的26201名护士进行横断面调查研究,并通过多元线性逐步回归法分析护士工作压力的影响因素。结果:共回收25931份有效问卷,护士工作压力得分为(77.79±21.91)分,每个条目均分为(2.22±0.86)分,其中“工作量及时间分配”“护理专业工作”“患者护理”3个维度的护士工作压力得分最高。回归分析结果显示,年龄、每月夜班数、职称、用工形式、岗位和婚姻状况是护士工作压力的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:护士工作压力处于中等程度,护理管理者要建立长效激励机制、多样化培训机制和弹性化排班与岗位调动机制,通过宣传引导等方式增强护士职业荣誉感,以降低护士工作压力。OBJECTIVE To investigate the current situation of nurses'working pressure in Tianjin and analyze the influencing factors of pressure,so as to provide reference for hospital managers to effectively manage nurses'working pressure.METHODS From June to July 2022,convenience sampling was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 26201 nurses from various hospitals in Tianjin by using the Chinese Nurse Job Stressors Scale.Multiple linear step-based regression method was used to analyze the influ-encing factors of nurses'job stress.RESULTS A total of 25931 valid questionnaires were collected,and the score of nurses'work stress was(77.79±21.91),and the average score of each item was(2.22±0.86).Among them,the three dimensions of"workload and time allocation problems","nursing professional and work problems"and"patient care problems"had the highest score.The results of regression analysis showed that age,number of night shifts per month,professional title,employment form,post and marital status were the influencing factors of nurses'work stress(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The working pressure of nurses is in the middle degree.Nursing managers should establish long-term incentive mechanism,diversified training mechanism,flexible scheduling and post transfer mechanism,and enhance the sense of professional honor of nurses through publicity and guidance mechanism,so as to reduce the working pressure of nurs es.

关 键 词：护士 工作压力 现状 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]