不同日粮组成对围产期奶牛泌乳性能和乳品质的影响  

Effects of different dietary composition on the lactation performance and milk quality of perinatal cows

作　　者：郭瑞龙 GUO Ruilong(Agricultural Technology Popularization Center of the Agricultural and Rural Bureau in Feixian County,Shandong Province,Feixian 273400,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省费县农业农村局农业技术推广中心,山东费县273400

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2023年第8期9-12,共4页Animals Breeding and Feed

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同日粮组成对围产期奶牛泌乳性能和乳品质的影响,确定适合围产期奶牛的适宜精粗比日粮组成,为提高围产期奶牛生产性能和养殖经济效益提供依据。[方法]将30头围产前期荷斯坦奶牛随机分为3组(A、B、C组),每组10头,A、B、C组饲喂精饲料与粗饲料比列分别为40∶60、50∶50、60∶40的全混合日粮,测定平均日采食量、平均日产奶量、料奶比等泌乳性能检测指标和乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、体细胞数等乳品质检测指标。[结果]B组与A组相比,平均日采食量、平均日产奶量、乳蛋白率均显著提高,牛奶体细胞数显著降低;C组与A组相比,平均日采食量、平均日产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率均显著提高,料奶比、牛奶体细胞数均显著降低;C组与B组相比,平均日产奶量、乳蛋白率均显著提高,牛奶体细胞数显著降低。[结论]随着围产期奶牛日粮中精饲料所占比例的逐步提高,围产期奶牛的泌乳性能和乳品质逐渐提高。[Objectives]In order to study the effects of different dietary composition on the lactation performance and milk quality of perinatal cows,to determine the appropriate composition of the diet for perinatal cows,and to provide the basis for improving the performance of perinatal dairy cows and the economic benefit of breeding.[Methods]30 perinatal Holstein cows were randomly divided into 3 groups including group A,group B,and group C,with 10 cows in each group.Group A,B and C was fed a complete mixed diet with a ratio of refined feed to crude feed as 40∶60,50∶50,and 60∶40,respectively.The average intaking of daily feed,average yield of daily milk,ratio of feed to milk and other testing indicators of lactation performance,and testing indicators of milk quality including the rate of milk to fat, rate of milk to protein, rate of lactose, and the number of somatic cells in milk weremeasured. [Results] The average intaking of daily feed, average yield of daily milk and the rate ofmilk to protein in group B were significantly increased, and the number of somatic cells in milk wassignificantly decreased compared with that in group A. All the average intaking of daily feed, averageyield of daily milk, the rate of milk to fat, the rate of milk to protein, and the rate of lactose ingroup C increased significantly, and the ratio of milk to feed and the number of somatic cells in milkwas significantly decreased compared with group A. The average yield of daily milk and the rate ofmilk to protein in group C increased significantly, and the number of somatic cells in milk decreasedsignificantly compared with group B. [Conclusions] The lactation performance and milk quality of perinatal cows have a gradual improvement effect with the gradual increase of the proportion of refinedfeed in the daily diet of perinatal cows.

关 键 词：日粮组成 围产期奶牛 泌乳性能 乳品质 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]