汉语复合词语素意义与整词语义整合加工的时间进程  

Time course of the integration of the morpho-semantics and the meaning of two-character Chinese compound words

作　　者：蔡文琦 张向阳 王小娟 杨剑峰[1] CAI Wenqi;ZHANG Xiangyang;WANG Xiaojuan;YANG Jianfeng(School of Psychology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院,西安710062

出　　处：《心理学报》2023年第8期1207-1219,I0001,共14页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31671167);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(GK202101010,2021TS098);北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心研究生自主课题(BJZK-2021A3-21011)资助。

摘　　要：研究表明语素意义会自动激活并影响整词语义加工。但是,汉语复合词识别中语素意义何时被激活以及如何参与并影响复合词语义整合的时间进程还缺乏清晰的认识。研究采用事件相关电位(ERP)技术,构建了三类双字词材料:语素意义与词义相关的透明复合词(如炽热)、语素意义与词义不相关的不透明复合词(如风流)、以及作为控制条件的单语素词汇(如伶俐),对比考察双字词的首词素和尾词素语义参与复合词语义加工的时间进程。结果发现,首字加工的早期(300~400 ms)和晚期(460~700 ms)都表现出语素效应,即两类复合词要比单语素词诱发更负的波幅。在尾字加工的早期阶段(260~420 ms)不仅发现了语素效应,还发现了语义透明度效应,即不透明复合词比透明复合词诱发了更负的波幅。而在尾字加工的晚期(480~700 ms),出现了反转的语素效应,即两类复合词比单语素词诱发更正的波幅。结果表明了语素作为独立表征单元,在早期加工阶段就得到了自动激活;语义透明度在复合词早期加工过程发挥了重要作用,透明复合词语素整合加工能够顺利获取整词语义,而不透明复合词语素整合加工则会阻碍整词语义获取。Previous studies have shown that morpho-semantic information can be activated automatically and influence the access of word meaning in compound word recognition.However,the time course underlying the morpho-semantic activation and its subsequent integration is not clear yet.In particular,little is known about how morpho-semantic information involves in word semantic integration processing.The present study examined the time course of morpho-semantic information of the first and the second characters who participated in whole-word semantic integration processing using event-related potential(ERP)technology.We selected three types of two-character words:transparent,opaque compound words,and monomorphemic words.For the transparent words(e.g.,炽热),both two characters’meanings(both炽and热mean hot)were identical or similar to the word meaning(炽热means hot).As for the opaque words(e.g.,风流),the meaning of the first character(风means wind),the second character(流means flow),and the compound word(风流means amorousness)were completely different.The monomorphemic words(e.g.,伶俐)were materials as the control condition with two characters that cannot be split into two morphemes.Participants were instructed to complete a visual lexical decision task.ERP results showed that the first character processing revealed the morphological effect in the early(300~400 ms)and the late(460~700 ms)time window,in which two types of compound words induced more negative amplitude than the monomorphemic words.During the second character processing,a significant semantic transparency effect was observed in the early stage(260~420 ms),that the opaque words evoked more negative-going waveform than the transparent ones.Whereas at the late phase(480~700 ms),a reversed morphological effect emerged that the two types of compound words evoked more positive amplitude than the monomorphemic words.The present study shed light on the time course of morpho-semantic integration in Chinese compound word recognition.The results indicated t

关 键 词：语义整合 复合词 语义透明度 ERP 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]