不同硒累积型水稻耐高硒毒害差异特征研究  

Characterization of High Selenium Tolerance in Different Selenium-Accumulating Rice Varieties

作　　者：卜少腾 李衍亮 李玉义[3] 谭卓贤 张木 BU Shaoteng;LI Yanliang;LI Yuyi;TAN Zhuoxian;ZHANG Mu(School of Environmental and Civil Engineering,Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan,Guangdong 523808;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Region Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Recycling and Farmland Conservation,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;College of Resource and Environment,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510225)

机构地区：[1]东莞理工学院生态环境与建筑工程学院,广东东莞523808 [2]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广东广州510640 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [4]仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院,广东广州510225

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第8期1681-1689,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31872176);广东省自然科学基金(2021A1515010943);广东省农业科学院中青年学科带头人培养计划(R2020PY-JX013);广东省农业科学院低碳农业与碳中和研究中心(XTXM202204)。

摘　　要：为探究不同硒累积水稻品种耐高硒毒害能力差异特征,本研究设置盆栽试验,以硒高、低累积水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种为试验材料,研究了不同硒累积水稻品种在不同硒水平处理(0、0.5、25 mg·kg-1)下生长、生理特性及硒结合蛋白基因表达量的差异变化特征。结果表明,施用低浓度硒(0.5 mg·kg-1)能显著提升硒高累积水稻产量和地上部干物质量,但对硒低累积水稻提升不明显。高硒水平(25 mg·kg-1)下两个水稻品种产量和地上部干物质量均显著降低,但硒低累积水稻降幅更大。施硒显著提高了硒高累积水稻的抗氧化能力,其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和抗坏血酸(ASA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、类胡萝卜素(CAR)含量较不施硒处理分别增加了45.10%、10.30%、35.30%、68.10%、28.90%和26.00%。各施硒处理下,硒高累积水稻丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著低于硒低累积水稻。低浓度硒对两个水稻品种碳氮代谢产物含量均有提升作用,与不施硒处理相比,硒高累积水稻的可溶性糖含量显著增加了0.02个百分点,可溶性蛋白含量显著增加了15.10%,并且高硒水平下硒高累积水稻碳氮代谢产物含量均显著高于硒低累积水稻。两种施硒处理对硒高累积水稻硒结合蛋白基因的相对表达量均有显著提升作用且均高于硒低累积水稻。综上,硒高累积水稻在硒胁迫下拥有更强的抗氧化及碳氮代谢能力,同时能将更多的硒与硒结合蛋白结合而减轻其毒害作用,具有更强的耐高硒毒害能力。本研究结果为生产富硒水稻提供了技术和理论参考。To investigate the differences among various selenium(Se)-accumulating rice varieties in the resistance to high Se toxicity,a pot experiment was conducted with high and low Se-accumulating rice(Oryza sativa L.)varieties as the rice models to evaluate their growth,physiological characteristics,and Se-binding protein(SBP)gene expression.The rice models were treated with 3 different levels of Se(0,0.5,and 25 mg·kg-1),respectively.Results showed that with the low concentration of Se(0.5 mg·kg-1),the yield and above-ground dry matter quality could be significantly enhanced in high Se-accumulating rice but not in low Se-accumulating rice.However,at the high level of Se(25 mg·kg-1),the yield and above-ground dry matter quality decreased significantly in both rice varieties,especially for low Se-accumulating rice.It was found that the antioxidant capacity of high Se-accumulating rice was significantly increased by Se.Compared to non-Se control,the superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)activity,ascorbic acid(ASA),glutathione(GSH),and carotenoid(CAR)were respectively escalated by 45.10%,10.30%,35.30%,68.10%,28.90%,and 26.00%,respectively.The malondialdehyde(MDA)content in Se-treated high Se-accumulating rice was significantly lower than that of Se-treated low Se-accumulating rice.Compared to CK,Se at low concentration exhibited effects on increasing the contents of carbon and nitrogen metabolites in both rice varieties.In high Se-accumulating rice,the soluble sugar content were significantly increased by 0.02 percentage points and the soluble protein content were significantly increased by 15.10%.In addition,with the treatment of high concentration of Se,the levels of carbon and nitrogen metabolites in the high Se-accumulating rice were significantly higher than that in the low Se-accumulating rice.The relative expression levels of Se-binding protein genes were significantly promoted in the high Se-accumulating rice with the treatment of Se,which was higher than that in the low Se-accumulating rice.In c

关 键 词：硒 水稻 抗氧化酶 抗氧化物质 碳氮代谢 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]