苜蓿、谷草与精饲料组合对驴乳和血液生化指标的影响  

Effects of the combination of alfalfa,grain grass and concentrated feed on donkey milk and blood biochemical indexes

作　　者：王鹏[1] 刘春凌[1] 马旭平[1] 李继连[1] 李凤学[1] WANG Peng;LIU Chunling;MA Xuping;LI Jilian;LI Fengxue(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院动物科技学院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第13期121-125,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北北方学院2020年校级项目(YB2020011);河北省农产品食品质量安全分析检测重点实验室2021年度开放课题项目(AFS202102)。

摘　　要：为了探究阳原泌乳驴日粮中苜蓿、谷草与精饲料组合对驴乳和血液生化指标的影响,试验将48头健康泌乳母驴随机分为空白组(O组)、试验1组(C1组)、试验2组(C2组)和试验3组(C3组),空白组饲喂100%谷草,C1~C3组饲喂80%谷草+20%苜蓿+3,3.5,4 kg/d精饲料,预试期为7 d,正试期为60 d,计算日平均饲草采食量;每日挤乳3次,计算日平均挤乳量,分析乳成分;试验结束时,采集静脉血测定血液生化指标。结果表明:与O组比较,各试验组泌乳驴日平均饲草采食量、日平均挤乳量、乳脂、非脂乳固体均显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),C1组乳蛋白含量极显著高于C3组(P<0.01),仅C3组乳糖含量显著高于O组(P<0.05),乳密度各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。C3组总蛋白(TP)含量显著或极显著高于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01);C3组白蛋白(ALB)含量极显著高于C1组和O组(P<0.01);C3组血清尿素氮(BUN)含量显著高于O组(P<0.05);C2组、C3组乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性显著或极显著低于O组(P<0.05或P<0.01);C2组与C3组肌酸激酶(CK)活性差异显著(P<0.05);C2组、C3组血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量极显著高于O组(P<0.01),C2组血清GLU含量最高;C3组三酰甘油(TG)含量显著或极显著高于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01);C3组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量极显著高于C1组(P<0.01)。说明在泌乳驴日粮中用20%苜蓿干草替代谷草并添加3 kg精饲料可显著提高日粮适口性,能增加泌乳驴产奶量、提高乳品质,维持驴正常血液生化水平。In order to explore the effects of the combination of alfalfa,grain grass and concentrate feed on donkey milk and blood biochemical indexes in the diet of Yangyuan lactating donkeys,48 healthy lactating female donkeys were randomly divided into blank group(O group),test group 1(C1 group),test group 2(C2 group),and test group 3(C3 group).The blank group was fed 100% grain grass;the C1-C3 groups were fed 80% grain grass + 20% alfalfa and supplemented with concentrate feed 3,3.5,4 kg/d,respectively;pre-test period was 7 d,and normal test period was 60 d.Average daily forage intake was calculated,with expressing milk 3 times a day,calculating the average daily milking volume,and analyzing the milk composition.At the end of the test,venous blood was collected to measure blood biochemical indexes.The results showed that compared with the O group,the average daily forage intake,daily average milking amount,milk fat and non-fat milk solids of lactating donkeys in each test groups were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the milk protein content in the C1 group was significantly higher than that in the C3 group(P<0.01);in the C3 group the lactose content was significantly higher than that in the O group(P<0.05);and the difference in milk density between the groups was not significant(P<0.05).The total protein(TP) of the C3 group was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The contents of albumin(ALB) in C3 group were extremely significantly higher than those in C1 group and O group(P<0.01).The serum urea nitrogen(BUN) content in the C3 group was significantly higher than that in the O group(P<0.05).The lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity in the C2 and C3 groups was significantly or extremely significantly lower than those in the O group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).There was a significant difference between creatine kinase(CK) activity between C2 and C3(P<0.05).The serum glucose(GLU) content in C2 and C3 groups was extremely significantly higher

关 键 词：苜蓿 谷草 精饲料 驴乳 成分 血液生化指标 

分 类 号：S816.31[农业科学—饲料科学] S822[农业科学—畜牧学]