用高效液相色谱法比较牦牛和犏牛乳中两种乳清蛋白含量  

Determination of two whey protein contents in yak and cattle-yak milk using high performance liquid chromatography

作　　者：王丽婷 金素钰[1] 黄林[1] 吴笑寒 郑玉才[1] WANG Li-ting;JIN Su-yu;HUANG Lin;WU Xiao-han;ZHENG Yu-cai(School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学畜牧兽医学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期355-359,共5页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：四川省杰出青年基金资助(2019JDJQ0017)。

摘　　要：为比较牦牛和犏牛乳中两种乳清蛋白的含量,采用C18柱建立了检测牦牛乳和犏牛乳中α-乳清蛋白(α-La)和β-乳球蛋白(β-Lg)含量的高效液相色谱法(HPLC).试验动物包括放牧全奶麦洼牦牛(n=40)、半奶麦洼牦牛(n=27)和犏牛(n=36),分别从其全乳中制备乳清后,用HPLC方法测定两种乳清蛋白含量.结果表明,全奶牦牛、半奶牦牛和犏牛乳中α-La平均含量接近,约为0.86 mg/mL;β-Lg含量分别约为7.10 mg/mL、9.64 mg/mL和6.96 mg/mL,在半奶牦牛乳中含量极显著高于全奶牦牛乳和犏牛乳(P<0.01),而在全奶牦牛乳和犏牛乳中的含量接近.β-Lg的色谱图为单峰或双峰,未见明确规律.进一步用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法(PAGE)对牦牛乳和犏牛乳中β-Lg进行基因分型,表明牦牛中均为EE型,犏牛中为AE和BE型,BE型频率为0.694 4.HPLC可以分析牦牛和犏牛乳中α-La和β-Lg含量,但无法对β-Lg进行基因分型.The purpose of this experiment was to compare the contents of two whey proteins in yak and cattle-yak milk.Ahigh performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method based on C18 column was established for the determination ofα-lactalbumin(α-La)andβ-lactoglobulin(β-Lg)in yak milk and cattle-yak milk.The experimental animals included total-lactatingMaiwa yak(n=40),half-lactating Maiwa yak(n=27)and cattle-yak(n=36).The whey was prepared from the corresponding whole milk samples,followed by the determination of two whey proteins by HPLC.The results showed that the average content ofα-La in total-lactating yak,half-lactating yak and cattle-yak milk was similar(approximately 0.86 mg/mL).The content ofβ-Lg was approximately 7.10 mg/mL,9.64 mg/mL and 6.96 mg/mL,respectively.The content ofβ-Lg in half-lactating yak milk was significantly higher than that in total-lactating yak milk and cattle-yak milk(P0.01),while its content in total-lactating yak milk and cattle-yak milk showed no significant difference.The chromatogram ofβ-Lg was single peak or double peaks,with no clear pattern.In this study,polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE)was used to genotypeβ-Lg in yak milk and cattle-yak milk.The results showed thatβ-Lg genotype was EE in yak,but AE and BE in cattle-yak,and the frequency of BE was 0.6944.The present HPLC method can analyze the content ofα-La andβ-Lg in yak and cattle-yak milk,but it is unable to genotypeβ-Lg.

关 键 词：牦牛 犏牛 乳 乳清蛋白 高效液相色谱 

分 类 号：TS252.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]