我国高等工程教育本科专业结构调整的历程、特征与展望  

Process,Characteristics,and Prospect of Structural Adjustment of Undergraduate Specialty of Higher Engineering Education in China

作　　者：王章豹 WANG Zhangbao(School of Marxism,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;Institute of Higher Education,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学马克思主义学院,合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学高等教育研究所,合肥230009

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第7期122-140,共19页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：2021年度高等学校省级质量工程教学研究重点项目“新工科专业建设的研究与实践”(2021jyxm1173);教育部“新工科”研究与实践项目“我国新工科人才培养的若干问题研究”。

摘　　要：专业设置及其结构合理性直接关系到人才培养的规格、模式和质量。本研究结合7次大规模的本科专业目录制定和修订工作,以大量数据和史料为依据,采用历史与逻辑、定性与定量、宏观与微观相结合的研究方法,分5个历史发展时期,回顾和总结了我国高等工程教育本科专业设置与结构调整的70余年曲折演进历程,并归纳了其特征和进行了未来展望。伴随着中国特色社会主义工业化建设的历史进程,经过70余年的专业结构改革和调整,我国已经建立起了较为完整、合理的高等工程教育本科专业结构体系,有力地支撑了我国工业体系的形成和发展及现代化建设,也为新时期我国人力资源供给从“人口红利”转向“工程师红利”奠定了人才基础。The setting of majors and the rationality of their structure are directly related to the specification,mode,and quality of talents cultivation.Based on a large amount of data and historical materials,in combination with seven large-scale undergraduate major catalog development and revision efforts,and using a research method that combines history and logic,qualitative and quantitative analysis,macro and micro analysis,this paper reviews and summarizes more than 70 years of tortuous evolution of undergraduate major settings and restructuring of higher engineering education in China in five historical development periods,and summarizes its basic characteristics and future prospects.Along with the historical process of China's socialist industrialization construction,after more than 70 years of professional structure reform and adjustment,China has established a more complete and reasonable structure system of higher engineering education undergraduate majors,which has strongly supported the formation and development of China's industrial system and modernization construction,and laid the foundation of talents for China's human resources supply to shift from“population dividend”to“engineer dividend”in the new ear.

关 键 词：高等工程教育 本科专业结构调整 专业目录修订 演进历程 特征 展望 

分 类 号：TB-4[一般工业技术] G642.3[文化科学—高等教育学]