Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals pectoralis highland adaptation across altitudinal songbirds  

作　　者：Ying XIONG Yan HAO Yalin CHENG Liqing FAN Gang SONG Dongming LI Yanhua QU Fumin LEI 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China [3]Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau of Ministry of Education,Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi,China [4]Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province,College of Life Sciences,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang,China [5]Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming,China

出　　处：《Integrative Zoology》2022年第6期1162-1178,共17页整合动物学（英文版）

基　　金：funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.3213000355,31630069 to F.L.);the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(Grant No.2019QZKK0304 to F.L.).

摘　　要：Pectoralis phenotypic variation plays a fundamental role in locomotion and thermogenesis in highland birds.How-ever,its regulatory and metabolic mechanisms remain enigmatic to date.Here,we integrated phenomic,tran-scriptomic,and metabolomic approaches to determine muscle variation and its underpinning mechanisms across altitudinal songbirds.Phenomics confirmed that all highland birds had considerable increases in muscle oxidative capacity,capillarity,and mitochondrial abundance in our study.Correspondingly,transcriptomic analyses found that differentially expressed genes in phenotype-associated modules enriched for blood vessel,muscle structure development,and mitochondrial organization.Despite similar traits and functional enrichments across highland birds,different mechanisms drove their occurrence in high-altitude tree sparrow and 2 snowfinches.Importantly,a metabolic feature shared by all the 3 highland birds is the improvement in insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization through activating insulin signaling pathway,which is vital to increase muscle oxidative capacity and maintain metabolic homeostasis.Nevertheless,fatty acid biosynthesis and oxidation are enhanced in only 2 snowfinches which had a long evolutionary history on the high plateau,also differing from ketone body metabolism in recently introduced colonizer of the tree sparrow of the high plateau.Our study represents a vital contribution to reveal the regulatory and metabolic basis of pectoralis variation across altitudinal songbirds.

关 键 词：ALTITUDE gas chromatography–mass spectrometry HYPOXIA pectoralis RNA–seq 

分 类 号：O62[理学—有机化学]