Origin of the neuro-sensory system: new and expected insights from sponges  

作　　者：EMMANUELLE RENARD Jean VACELET Eve GAZAVE Pascal LAPéBIE Carole BORCHIELLINI Alexander V.ERESKOVSKY 

机构地区：[1]Centre d’océanologie de Marseille,CNRS–Aix-Marseille Université,Marseille,France [2]Department of Embryology,Saint-Petersburg State University,St.Petersburg,Russia

出　　处：《Integrative Zoology》2009年第3期294-308,共15页整合动物学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the following programs:the Russian Foundation for Basic Research(RFBR No.09-04-00337);the European Marie Curie Mobility program(Fellowship of A.Ereskovsky,MIF1-CT-2006-040065).

摘　　要：The capacity of all cells to respond to stimuli implies the conduction of information at least over short distances.In multicellular organisms,more complex systems of integration and coordination of activities are necessary.In most animals,the processing of information is performed by a nervous system.Among the most basal taxa,sponges are nerveless so that it is traditionally assumed that the integrated neuro-sensory system originated only once in Eumetazoa,a hypothesis not in agreement with some recent phylogenomic studies.The aim of this review is to show that recent data on sponges might provide clues for understanding the origin of this complex system.First,sponges are able to react to external stimuli,and some of them display spontaneous movement activities.These coordinated behaviors involve nervous system-like mechanisms,such as action potentials and/or neurotransmitters.Second,genomic analyses show that sponges possess genes orthologous to those involved in the patterning or function-ing of the neuro-sensory system in Eumetazoa.Finally,some of these genes are expressed in specific cells(flask cells,choanocytes).Together with ultrastructural data,this gives rise to challenging hypotheses concerning cell types that might play neuro-sensory-like roles in sponges.

关 键 词：animal evolution choanocyte flask cells nervous system PORIFERA signal transduction. 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]