潞江坝干热河谷区5种常见作物田的昆虫群落特征  

Insect Community Characteristics of Five Common Crop Fields in Dry-hot Valley Area of Lujiangba

作　　者：李勇辉 周天江 陈文华 唐国文[1] 柳青 LI Yonghui;ZHOU Tianjiang;CHEN Wenhua;TANG Guowen;LIU Qing(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,National Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan,Kunming 650201,China;School of Resources and Environment,Baoshan University,Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Conservation and Utilization in Western Yunnan,Baoshan 678000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]保山学院资源环境学院,云南省高校滇西昆虫资源保护与利用重点实验室,云南保山678000

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期409-416,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划(202102AA310055);云南省“高层次人才培养支持计划”青年拔尖人才专项(YNWRQNBJ2020101)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确潞江坝干热河谷区不同作物田的昆虫群落特征。【方法】2020年3—11月,采用目测观察法、扫网法和诱集法对潞江坝5种常见作物田的昆虫群落进行调查。【结果】共采集昆虫6307头,隶属12目64科113种。5种常见作物田的昆虫物种数以芒果地最高,黄瓜地最少;个体数以芒果地最高,菜豆地最少。多样性分析表明:昆虫群落物种丰富度指数和多样性指数表现为芒果地>青枣地>菜豆地>番茄地>黄瓜地,优势集中性指数和均匀度指数表现为芒果地>青枣地>黄瓜地>番茄地>菜豆地;害虫亚群落特征与总昆虫群落特征相似;天敌亚群落物种丰富度指数为芒果地和青枣地高于其他3种作物田,而多样性指数、均匀度指数和优势集中性指数在黄瓜地、番茄地和菜豆地中较高。稳定性分析表明:Sa/Sb值表现为芒果地>青枣地>番茄地>菜豆地>黄瓜地,ds/dm值表现为菜豆地>番茄地>黄瓜地>芒果地>青枣地。5种常见作物田的昆虫群落表现为中等不相似或极不相似。【结论】芒果地和青枣地具有丰富的植被类型和较小的人为干扰,昆虫群落物种丰富,多样性更高且稳定性更好。[Purpose]To clarify the insect community characteristics of common crops in dry-hot valley of Lujiangba region.[Methods]From March to November 2020,the insect community of five common crops in Lujiangba region were investigated by visual observation,sweeping and trap-ping methods.[Results]A total of 6307 insects belonging to 12 orders,64 families and 113 spe-cies were captured.The number of insect species was the highest in mango field while the lowest in cucumber field.The number of individuals was the highest in mango field and the lowest in bean field.Diversity analysis showed that:the Margalef index and Shannon-Wiener index of insect com-munity were mango field>jujube field>bean field>tomato field>cucumber field,and Simpson index and Pielou index of insect community were mango field>jujube field>cucumber field>tomato field>bean field.The characteristics of pest subcommunity were similar to those of the whole insect com-munity.To natural enemy subcommunity,the Margalef index was higher in mango field and jujube field than in the other three crop field,while the Shannon-Wiener index,Pielou index and Simpson in-dex were higher in cucumber field,tomato field and bean field than in the other two crop fields.The stability analysis showed that:the Sa/Sb value was mango field>jujube field>tomato field>bean field>cucumber field,the ds/dm value was bean field>tomato field>cucumber field>mango field>jujube field.The insect community similarity analysis showed that the similarity coefficients in five common crops was moderate or extreme dissimilarity.[Conclusion]Mango field and jujube field are rich in vegetation types and less human disturbance,the insect community has abundant insect species,higher diversity and better stability.

关 键 词：害虫 天敌 群落组成 群落特征 干热河谷 

分 类 号：S186[农业科学—农业基础科学]