泌乳高峰期娟犏牛和牦牛乳汁差异蛋白分析  

Analysis of Milk Differential Proteins Between Jersey Yak Crossbreeds and Yak in Peak Lactation Period

作　　者：高娜 潘阳阳[1] 王萌[1] 王立斌[1] 邱山桐 余震 余四九[1] 徐庚全[1] GAO Na;PAN Yangyang;WANG Meng;WANG Libin;QIU Shantong;YU Zhen;YU Sijiu;XU Gengquan(College of Animal Medicine,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第7期1323-1334,共12页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大项目(21DZ10NA001);甘肃省重点人才项目(余四九团队2022-2024)。

摘　　要：娟犏牛(Bos taurus)是通过娟姗牛冻精杂交甘南牦牛(Bos grunniens)所产的后代,其产奶量高于牦牛。为探究娟犏牛乳品质与牦牛乳差异,对泌乳高峰期娟犏牛与牦牛的乳汁进行了蛋白质组学分析。通过串联质谱(TMT)标记蛋白质组学方法比较两种奶的乳清和乳脂球膜(MFGM)蛋白差异,结果表明,利用标记定量蛋白质组学技术在泌乳高峰期娟犏牛奶与牦牛奶中共鉴定到651个乳清蛋白和990个MFGM蛋白,筛选出乳清差异表达蛋白(DEPs)145个,其中娟犏牛奶比牦牛奶上调71个,下调74个;筛选出MFGM DEPs 160个,其中娟犏牛奶比牦牛奶上调78个,下调82个。生物信息学分析结果发现,泌乳高峰期娟犏牛奶乳清与MFGM DEPs主要参与的生物过程是固有免疫应答,定位的主要细胞成分是胞外间隙和胞外区,而乳清DEPs主要参与的分子功能是蛋白质同源二聚体活性,MFGM DEPs主要参与的分子功能是鸟苷-5'-三磷酸酶(GTPase)活性。娟犏牛奶乳清与MFGM DEPs参与的重要免疫途径是补体与凝血级联。综上可知,娟犏牛奶中丰度较高的主要乳清和MFGM DEPs在促进钙磷吸收、免疫保护和免疫调节等方面表现优异,牦牛奶中丰度较高的主要乳清和MFGM DEPs在保证细胞稳定性、促进T淋巴细胞增殖和抗菌等方面表现优异,说明泌乳高峰期娟犏牛奶较牦牛奶在免疫保护和免疫调节等生物过程中发挥更重要作用,推测娟犏牛奶更有助于新生儿建立抗微生物感染的免疫系统。本研究结果为高原奶制品的开发提供了数据支撑,并为生产功能性婴幼儿配方乳粉提供了科学依据。Jersey yak crossbreeds(Bos taurus)was the offspring of yak(Bos grunniens)improved by frozen semen of Jersey yak,its milk yield was higher than that of yak.However,whether the milk quality of Jersey yak is different from that of yak is still unknown.It is necessary to compare the milk of jersey yak crossbreeds and yak at the peak of lactation through proteomics analysis.The differences of whey and milk fat globule membrane(MFGM)proteins were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry(TMT)-labeled proteomics.The results showed that a total of 651 kinds of proteins in whey and 990 kinds of proteins in MFGM were identified in jersey yak crossbreeds milk and yak milk at the peak of lactation.These were 145 kinds of differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in whey,in which 71 kinds of DEPs up-regulated and 74 kinds of DEPs down-regulated in jersey yak crossbreeds milk compared with yak milk.These were 160 kinds of DEPs in MFGM.Compared with yak milk,jersey yak crossbreed milk up-regulated 78 kinds of DEPs and down-regulated 82 kinds of DEPs.Bioinformatics analysis found that the biological processes identified in the peak lactation period of the milk whey and MFGM DEPs were mainly involved in the innate immune response,and the main cellular components were extracellular space and extracellular region.The molecular function of whey DEPs was mainly involved in protein homodimer activity,and the molecular function of MFGM DEPs was mainly involved in guanosine-5'-triphosphatase(GTPase)activity.The important immune pathway which jersey yak crossbreeds milk whey and MFGM DEPs was involved in is complement and coagulation cascade.In conclusion,the main whey and MFGM DEPs with high abundance in jersey yak crossbreeds milk were excellent in promoting calcium and phosphorus absorption,immune protection and immune regulation.The main whey and MFGM differential proteins with high abundance in yak milk were excellent in ensuring cell stability,promoting T lymphocyte proliferation and antibacterial.That indicated milk from jersey yak crossb

关 键 词：娟犏牛奶 牦牛奶 乳清蛋白 乳脂球膜蛋白 蛋白质组学 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]