椰子油桶混助剂配方优化及对玉米田除草剂的增效作用  

Formulation Optimization of Coconut Oil Tank Mix Adjuvant and Its Synergistic Effect on Herbicides in Corn Field

作　　者：张欣欣 于朋 潘双喜 赵雪萍 董利利 董金皋[1] 张利辉[1] 马树杰 ZHANG Xinxin;YU Peng;PAN Shuangxi;ZHAO Xueping;DONG Lili;DONG Jingao;ZHANG Lihui;MA Shujie(College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000;Wei County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Xingtai,Hebei 054700;Xingtai Modern Vocational School,Xingtai,Hebei 054007)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071000 [2]威县农业农村局,河北邢台054700 [3]邢台市现代职业学校,河北邢台054007

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第7期1480-1488,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(21326511D);河北省自然基金(C2020204036)。

摘　　要：为减少玉米田除草剂使用量,并提高杂草防效,本研究对前期筛选得到对除草剂具有增效作用的椰子油进行桶混助剂的配方优化和田间药效试验。结果表明,椰子油桶混助剂的最佳助剂配方溶剂为正己醇,复配乳化剂Span-80∶Tween-80为1.40∶3.60。在温室试验中,椰子油桶混助剂对烟嘧磺隆、硝磺草酮2种除草剂单剂的防治效果可提高11.24~49.35个百分点,对烟嘧·莠去津、硝磺·莠去津2种复配除草剂的防治效果可提高14.71~31.25个百分点,且除草剂减量后添加助剂与常量不添加助剂的杂草防效相当。在苯唑草酮和莠去津混用处理中,椰子油桶混助剂对药剂的增效作用比乙基和甲基酯植物油助剂高2.33~6.99个百分点。田间试验结果表明,椰子油桶混助剂对烟嘧·莠去津、硝磺·莠去津等苗后除草剂的防治效果可提高8.46~13.57个百分点。由此可见,添加椰子油桶混助剂后,除草剂减量处理的防效优于常量不添加助剂。综上,椰子油桶混助剂可达到除草剂减量增效、降低成本的目的。本研究结果为开发农药助剂新产品提供了理论依据。In order to reduce the usage of herbicides in corn fields and improve the control effect of herbicides,formulation optimization and field efficacy of coconut oil tank mix adjuvant,which has been reported to be synergistic on herbicides in our previous study,were studied.Results showed that the optimum formula of the additives was obtained with n-hexanol as the solvent and 1.40∶3.60 as the compound emulsifier Span-80 versus Tween-80.In the greenhouse test,the synergistic ratios of coconut oil tank adjuvant to nicosulfuron and mesotrione could be increased by 11.24-49.35 percentage points,and those to mixture of nicosulfuron?and atrazine and mixture of mesotrione and atrazine could be increased by 14.71-31.25 percentage points,and the weeds control effect of adding adjuvant after the reduction of herbicide is equivalent to that of the constant amount without adjuvant.In the mixed treatment of oxaflutole and atrazine,the synergistic effect of the coconut oil tank mix adjuvant was 2.33-6.99 percentage points higher than that of the ethyl and methyl ester vegetable oil adjuvants.The field test results showed that the synergistic ratio of coconut oil tank mix adjuvants to post-emergence herbicides such as mixture of nicosulfuron?and?atrazine,mixture of mesotrione and atrazine,was 8.46%-13.57%.It was indicated that the control effect of herbicides at a reduction dosage after adding tank adjuvant was better than of herbicides at the recommended dose without adjuvant.In conclusion,the coconut oil tank mix adjuvant could reduce the herbicide dosage and herbicide cost,and provide a theoretical basis for the development of new pesticide additive products.

关 键 词：玉米 椰子油 除草剂减量 苗后除草剂 

分 类 号：S451.222[农业科学—植物保护]