速生薄口螨成螨的形态观察和系统进化分析  

Morphological observation and phylogenetic analysis for adult Histiostoma feroniarum

作　　者：汤非凡 蒋峰 汪梅青 王澜 曹佳诚 夏钰婷 王婧璇 唐礼庆[1] 湛孝东[1,2,3] TANG Feifan;JIANG Feng;WANG Meiqing;WANG Lan;CAO Jiacheng;XIA Yuting;WANG Jingxuan;TANG Liqing;ZHAN Xiaodong(Department of Medical Parasitology,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241002,Anhui,China;Wuhu Mites Inspection and Control Engineering Research Center,Wuhu 241002,Anhui,China;Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-molecules Research,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院医学寄生虫学教研室,安徽芜湖241002 [2]芜湖市螨类检验与防控工程研究中心,安徽芜湖241002 [3]皖南医学院活性生物大分子研究安徽省重点实验室,芜湖241002

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2023年第3期344-348,360,共6页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2019A0403)。

摘　　要：目的了解速生薄口螨成螨扫描电镜下形态特征,并探讨该物种与粉螨中其他螨种之间的亲缘关系。方法从纯培养的速生薄口螨中分离出成螨,使用扫描电子显微镜观察其外部形态。提取该螨的DNA,PCR扩增细胞色素氧化酶亚基1(cox1)基因和内转录间隔区(ITS)并测序,与GenBank上8种粉螨的ITS序列和cox1序列进行比对,采用最大似然法构建系统进化树。结果扫描电镜下可见速生薄口螨的腹面表皮内突较发达,足Ⅰ表皮内突愈合成胸板,足Ⅱ表皮内突伸达中央,未连接;腹面有2对几丁质环,雄螨位于足Ⅱ~Ⅳ基节之间;雌螨前对几丁质环位于足Ⅱ~Ⅲ之间,后对几丁质环位于足Ⅳ基节水平;雄螨可见生殖褶、叶状瓣及阳茎等结构。PCR扩增和测序结果显示,cox1序列长539 bp,ITS基因片段序列长1633 bp,与预期一致。ITS序列比对结果显示,速生薄口螨与热带无爪螨(GenBank登录号为KC215362)序列相似性最高为90.41%,与其他粉螨序列相似性为83.33%~89.73%。cox1序列比对结果显示,速生薄口螨与害嗜鳞螨(GenBank登录号为MT075728)序列相似性最高,为83.55%,与其他粉螨序列相似性为79.78%~82.12%。基于ITS和cox1序列构建的系统进化树在拓扑结构上存在差异:在cox1序列构建的系统进化树上,速生薄口螨为一单支,与其他8种粉螨不在同一进化支上,与形态学分类较为接近;在ITS序列构建的系统进化树上,速生薄口螨与罗宾根螨聚为一支,与形态学分类存在差异。结论扫描电镜下可清晰观察到速生薄口螨雌雄成螨的形态结构。基于cox1序列分析结果显示速生薄口螨与其他粉螨的亲缘关系较远。Objective To observe the morphological characteristics of adult Histiostoma feroniarum under the electron microscope,and to study the genetic relationship between this species and other mite species of Acari⁃dae.Methods The adult stage of H.feroniarum was isolated from the culture,and its external morphological fea⁃tures were observed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),followed by extracting the mite DNA,for amplifying the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1(cox1)and internal transcribed spacer(ITS)by PCR.The ITS and cox1 gene was sequenced and compared with the other 8 Acaridae species in GenBank.The phylogenetic tree was constructed by the maximum likelihood method.Results Under the electron microscope,the ventral epidermal protrusions of the mites were more developed.The epidermal protrusions of foot I healed into the chest plate,and the epidermal protrusions of footⅡextended to the centre and were not connected.There were 2 pairs of chitinous rings on the ventral surface,and the male adults were located between theⅡ-Ⅳbasal ganglia.The first pair of chitin rings of the female mite was located between the footⅡandⅢ,and the last pair of chitin rings were located at the level of the footⅣbasal ganglia.Compared with the light microscope,the structures of male reproductive folds,leaflets and penis were clearer under the electron microscope.The cox1 and ITS sequences were obtained by PCR amplification,which was 539 bp and 1633 bp.The ITS sequence similarity comparison results showed that the sequence similarity between H.feroniarum and Blomia tropicalis(GenBank accession no.KC215362)was the highest,which was at 90.41%,and the sequence similarity with other Acaridae species was 83.33%-89.73%.The cox1 sequence alignment showed that the highest sequence similarity was 83.55%between H.feroniarum and Lepido⁃glyphus destructor(GenBank accession no.MT075728),and the sequence similarity with other Acaridae species ranged from 79.78%-82.12%.The phylogenetic tree constructed based on ITS and cox1 sequences has

关 键 词：速生薄口螨 扫描电镜 外部形态 系统发育 

分 类 号：R384.429[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]