典型工业区地下水细菌群落多样性特征与环境因子响应初探  

Correlation Between the Diversity Characteristics of Groundwater Bacterial Community and Environmental Factors in Typical Industrial Areas

作　　者：吴建强[1] 张书源 王敏[1] 陈敏[2] 叶文娟 熊丽君[1] 黄沈发[1] WU Jian-qiang;ZHANG Shu-yuan;WANG Min;CHEN Min;YE Wen-juan;XIONG Li-jun;HUANG Shen-fa(Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233,China;Shanghai Geotechnical Engineering Detecting Centre Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200436,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [2]上海市岩土工程检测中心有限公司,上海200436

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第7期3892-3901,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：上海市科委科技攻关项目(20dz1204800);国家自然科学基金项目(51979168)。

摘　　要：为探究上海市典型工业区地下水细菌群落组成结构和多样性,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,结合地下水三氮、重金属和有机物等指标分析,探讨典型行业地下水细菌群落与环境因子的关联性及响应机制.结果表明,石油化工业地下水的氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)显著高于纺织业、金属制品业和其他行业(P<0.05),分别高出64.49%、32.46%和113.91%;有机物主要检出指标为总石油烃(TPH)和挥发酚,石油化工业的地下水挥发酚浓度显著高于纺织业、金属制品业和其他行业(P<0.05);金属制品业砷(As)浓度显著高于石油化工业和其他行业(P<0.05),分别高出49.26%和50.59%;氯化物(Cl^(-))、锰(Mn)和硫酸盐(SO_(4)^(2-))等在不同行业中都存在显著性差异(P<0.05).纺织业地下水细菌群落Shannon指数最高,达到3.14,金属制品业地下水Shannon指数和Ace指数最低,分别为2.42和960.46.工业区地下水细菌中优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria),占比为80.05%~86.18%.As、汞(Hg)和TPH等为工业区地下水中主要影响因子,与地下水环境因子相关的多为硝化菌、反硝化菌和有机物降解菌等.研究结果可为石油化工类和金属制品类工业区地下水污染风险管控和微生物修复治理提供理论支持.In order to investigate the composition and diversity of groundwater bacterial communities in typical industrial areas in Shanghai,the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput technology was adopted to explore the correlation and response mechanism of groundwater bacterial communities and environmental factors in typical industries,combined with the analysis of groundwater tri-nitrogen,heavy metals,organic matter,and other indicators.The results showed that the ammonia nitrogen in the groundwater of the petrochemical industry was 64.49%,32.46%,and 113.91% higher than that of the textile industry,metal products industry,and other industries(P<0.05),respectively.The main detectable indicators of organic matter were total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH)and volatile phenol.The mass concentration of volatile phenol in groundwater of the petrochemical industry was significantly higher than that of the textile industry,metal products industry,and other industries(P<0.05).The mass concentration of arsenic in the metal products industry was 49.26% and 50.59% higher than that in the petrochemical industry and other industries(P<0.05),respectively.Chloride,manganese,sulfate,etc.,were significantly different in different industries(P<0.05).The Shannon index of groundwater in the textile industry was the highest at 3.14,whereas the Shannon index and Ace index of the groundwater in the metal products industry were as low as at 2.42 and 960.46,respectively.The dominant bacterial phylum in groundwater in the industrial area was Proteobacteria,accounting for 80.05%-86.18%.Arsenic,mercury,TPH,etc.were the main influencing factors in groundwater in industrial areas,whereas the nitrifying bacteria,denitrifying bacteria,and organic matter-degrading bacteria were mostly related to groundwater environmental factors.The results of this study can provide theoretical support for groundwater pollution risk management and microbial remediation in petrochemical and metal product industrial areas.

关 键 词：工业区 浅层地下水 细菌群落 环境因子 高通量测序 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]