烹调油烟PM2.5中多环芳烃的污染特征及健康风险评估  

Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 from cooking oil fumes

作　　者：周海军 周权[2] 林侃[2] 林华影[2] 徐幽琼[1,2] 张晓阳 ZHOU Hai-jun;ZHOU Quan;LIN Kan;LIN Hua-ying;XU You-qiong;ZHANG Xiao-yang(不详;The Affiliated Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350004,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属福州市疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350004 [2]福州市疾病预防控制中心地方病与慢性病防治科

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2023年第13期1545-1548,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(2016J01418)。

摘　　要：目的分析烹调油烟细颗粒物(PM2.5)中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染水平,并评估其对人群存在的致癌健康风险。方法在密闭实验室里通过电炉加热铁锅中的菜籽油产生油烟,采用高负载颗粒物采样器收集油烟PM2.5,同时在另一实验室采集室内空气作为对照组,将采集有油烟PM2.5的滤膜用乙腈超声提取后,利用超高效液相色谱仪检测油烟PM2.5中16种优先控制的PAHs的含量,并依据苯并(a)芘等效致癌浓度(BaPTEQ)和终身致癌超额危险度(ILCR)模型对人群进行健康风险评估。结果16种PAHs在14 min内得到良好的分离。烹调油烟PM2.5中以菲、萘和苊为其主要的污染物,其浓度分别为(623.88±63.86)ng/m^(3)、(245.41±16.36)ng/m^(3)、(226.58±13.99)ng/m^(3),除苯并[k]荧蒽之外,其余15种PAHs与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。健康风险评估表明油烟PM2.5中16种PAHs总BaPTEQ为13.25 ng/m^(3),其对成年女性和成年男性均具有潜在致癌风险,且女性高于男性,其ILCR值分别为4.80×10^(-6)和4.29×10^(-6)。结论烹调油烟PM2.5中以含有2个~3个苯环的PAHs污染水平较高,其对成年女性和成年男性存在潜在致癌健康风险。Objective This paper aims to analyze the pollution levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in fine particulate matter(PM2.5)from cooking oil fumes(COFs)and assess their carcinogenic health risks to the population.Methods In a closed laboratory,rapeseed oil in an iron pan was heated by an electric stove to generate oil fumes,and PM2.5 was collected from oil fumes using a high-load particulate sampler,while indoor air was collected in another laboratory as a control group.After ultrasonic extraction with acetonitrile,the contents of 16 PAHs in COFs-PM2.5 were detected by ultra performance liquid chromatography(UPLC),and a health risk assessment of the population was performed based on the toxic equivalency of benzo(a)pyrene(BaPTEQ)and the incremental lifetime cancer risk(ILCR)model.Results Sixteen PAHs were well separated within 14 minutes.Phenanthrene,naphthalene,and acenaphthene were the main pollutants in COFs-PM2.5,with concentrations of(623.88±63.86)ng/m^(3),(245.41±16.36)ng/m^(3)and(226.58±13.99)ng/m^(3),respectively,and the differences were statistically significant for all 15 PAHs compared to the control group,except benzo[k]fluoranthene(P<0.001).The health risk assessment showed that the total BaPTEQ of the 16 PAHs in COFs-PM2.5 was 13.25 ng/m^(3),which had potential carcinogenic risk for adult females and adult males,and the ILCR values of women were higher than those of men(4.80×10^(-6)and 4.29×10^(-6)),respectively.Conclusion PAHs with 2 or 3 benzene rings in COFs-PM2.5 is of a high pollution level,which has potential carcinogenic health risks for adult women and adult men.

关 键 词：烹调油烟 细颗粒物 多环芳烃 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]