麝鼠繁殖期和非繁殖期肠道微生物组成的比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiota Composition of Muskrat(Ondatra zibethicus)between Breeding Season and Non⁃Breeding Season

作　　者：杨潇瀛 宋丰成 彭芃 徐义舒 高福利[1] 张浩林[1] 韩莹莹[1] 翁强[1] 袁峥嵘[1] YANG Xiaoying;SONG Fengcheng;PENG Peng;XU Yishu;GAO Fuli;ZHANG Haolin;HAN Yingying;WENG Qiang;YUAN Zhengrong(College of Biological Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第7期4752-4760,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资金资助(32272859);大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(S202210022048,X202210022057)。

摘　　要：肠道中存在的大量微生物在协同进化和相互选择下与宿主形成了一个动态稳定的环境,其组成受多方面因素影响。本试验旨在比较繁殖期与非繁殖期麝鼠肠道微生物组成的差异,为麝鼠的高效养殖提供理论参考。在繁殖期与非繁殖期各取5只麝鼠,基于Illumina MiSeq测序平台对盲肠内容物进行16S rRNA基因测序。结果显示:α多样性分析表明麝鼠非繁殖期肠道微生物丰富度和均匀度高于繁殖期,β多样性分析表明麝鼠繁殖期与非繁殖期肠道微生物存在一定差异。物种组成分析表明麝鼠肠道微生物中优势菌门为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),优势菌属为普氏菌属(Prevotella)、巴恩斯氏菌属(Barnesiella)、梭菌属ⅩⅣa簇(Clostridium_ⅩⅣa)和瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)。物种差异分析表明,相对于非繁殖期,麝鼠在繁殖期有44个菌群的相对丰度减少,有52个菌群的相对丰度增加;在非繁殖期毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)和梭菌目(Clostridiales)的相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05),在繁殖期鞘脂杆菌科(Sphingobacteriaceae)、梭菌科1(Clostridiaceae_1)、消化链球菌科(Peptostreptococcaceae)、弯曲菌科(Campylobacteraceae)、肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)的相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05)。功能预测显示麝鼠繁殖期多数差异菌群富集于代谢相关通路,包括氨基酸代谢、辅助因子和维生素代谢以及能量代谢。由此可见,与非繁殖期麝鼠相比,繁殖期麝鼠肠道微生物组成发生了改变,且差异菌群多富集于营养代谢相关通路,有利于保障麝鼠繁殖活动。A large number of microorganisms in the gut have formed a dynamic and stable environment with the host under co⁃evolution and mutual selection,and their composition is affected by many factors.In this study,the composition of the gut microbiota of muskrat(Ondatra zibethicus)were investigated between the breeding season and non⁃breeding season,and the purpose was to provide a theoretical reference for the effi⁃cient farming of muskrat.The cecal contents from five muskrats at each season(breeding season and non⁃breeding season)were processed for 16S rRNA sequencing based on the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform.Results showed as follows:α⁃diversity analysis showed that the richness and evenness of gut microbiota in the non⁃breeding season were higher than those in the breeding season.β⁃diversity analysis indicated differences in the gut microbiota between the breeding season and non⁃breeding season.Species taxonomy analysis revealed that the dominant phyla in the gut microbiota of muskrats were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes,and the dominant bacteria were Prevotella,Barnesiella,Clostridium_ⅩⅣa,and Ruminococcus.The analysis of the species differences in the gut microbiota showed that the relative abundances of 44 bacterial groups decreased and 52 bacterial groups increased in the breeding season relative to the non⁃breeding season.The relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiales significantly increased in the non⁃breeding season(P<0.05),and the rela⁃tive abundances of Sphingobacteriaceae,Clostridiaceae_1,Peptostreptococcaceae,Campylobacteraceae,and Enterobacteriaceae significantly increased in the breeding season(P<0.05).The functional prediction results showed that most of the gut differential microbiota in the breeding season were enriched in the metabolism path⁃ways,including the metabolism of other amino acids,the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins and energy me⁃tabolism.It can be seen that the composition of the gut microbiota of muskrats has changed in the breeding

关 键 词：麝鼠 肠道微生物 16S rRNA测序 季节性繁殖 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]