致命鹅膏致版纳微型猪肝衰竭的研究  

The research of liver failure in Banna miniature pigs caused by amanita exitialis

作　　者：徐红跃 钟加菊 姚群梅 刘璐 胡亚光 余成敏 Xu Hongyue;Zhong Jiaju;Yao Qunmei;Liu Lu;Hu Yaguang;Yu Chengmin(Department of Emergency Medicine,the People's Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture,Chuxiong 675000,China)

机构地区：[1]楚雄彝族自治州人民医院急诊医学科,楚雄675000

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2023年第6期443-447,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目重大科技专项(2018ZF009);云南省地方高校联合专项(202001BA 070001-046)。

摘　　要：目的探讨致命鹅膏致版纳微型猪肝衰竭的特点。方法于2020年9至10月,采用反向高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定致命鹅膏水溶液毒素含量,以2.0 mg/kg致命鹅膏水溶液(α-鹅膏毒肽+β-鹅膏毒肽)经口灌胃版纳微型猪,染毒后观察各时间点的中毒症状、血液生化指标,以及肝脏、心脏和肾脏组织病理学改变。结果版纳微型猪于染毒76 h内全部死亡,且在6~36 h出现不同程度的消化道症状,如恶心、呕吐和腹泻等表现;生化指标中丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、总胆红素、乳酸脱氢酶、肌红蛋白、肌酸激酶同工酶、血尿素氮、肌酐于染毒后52 h明显升高,与0 h比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);肝脏及心脏肉眼及镜下观察出血明显,肝细胞出现坏死,肾小管上皮细胞肿胀。结论大剂量致命鹅膏可致版纳微型猪急性肝衰竭,符合急性肝衰竭的病理生理特点,为进一步研究致命鹅膏致肝衰竭的中毒机制及解毒药物奠定基础。Objective To explore the characteristics of Banna miniature pig liver failure induced by amanita exitialis.Methods From September to October 2020,a reverse high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC)method was used to determine the toxin content of amanita exitialis solution,and 2.0 mg/kg amanita exitialis solution(α-amanitins+β-amanitins)was administered orally to Banna miniature pigs.Toxic symptoms,blood biochemical indexes and histopathological changes of liver,heart and kidney were observed at each time point.Results All Banna miniature pigs died within 76 h of exposure,and different degrees of digestive tract symptoms such as nausea,vomiting and diarrhea appeared between 6 and 36 h.The biochemical indexes of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin,lactate dehydrogenase,myoglobin,creatine kinase isoenzyme,blood urea nitrogen and creatinine increased significantly at 52 h after exposure,and the differences were statistically significant compared with 0 h(P<0.05).The bleeding of liver and heart was obvious under macroscopic and microscopic observation,hepatocyte necrosis,renal tubule epithelial cell swelling.Conclusion Large dose of amanita exitialis can cause acute liver failure of Banna miniature pigs,which is in line with the pathophysiological characteristics of acute liver failure,and lays a foundation for further research on the toxic mechanism and detoxification drugs of amanita exitialis induced liver failure.

关 键 词：鹅膏属 致命鹅膏 鹅膏毒肽 版纳微型猪 肝功能衰竭 中毒 

分 类 号：R575.3[医药卫生—消化系统] R-332[医药卫生—内科学]