冷季补饲对泌乳期藏羊母羊乳汁成分与代谢产物的影响  

Effects of supplementary feeding in cold season on milk composition and metabolites of Tibetan sheep ewes during lactation

作　　者：周力 侯生珍[1] 桂林生 罗增海 ZHOU Li;HOU Shengzhen;GUI Linsheng;LUO Zenghai(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016;Qinghai General Station of Animal Hus-bandry,Xining 810001;School of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [2]青海省畜牧总站,西宁810001 [3]宁夏大学动物科技学院,银川750021

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2023年第3期450-456,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：青海省科技厅项目(2022NK169);青海省昆仑英才高端创新创业人才领军人才项目(2020年)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了使用乳品快速分析仪和液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)技术对放牧与补饲条件下藏羊母羊乳成分和代谢产物进行差异分析,选取胎次一致、体重相近(43.85 kg±7.06 kg)且发育良好的3岁龄藏羊母羊440只,随机分成两组,即自然放牧(control group,CG),放牧+补饲0.25 kg·d-1精料补充料(test group,TG)。试验期为60 d(配种后150~210 d)。试验结束时,从两组中各收集5只母羊的乳汁分析营养成分,同时检测其代谢产物。结果显示:(1)与CG组相比,TG组藏羊母羊的产奶量、脂肪、蛋白质、灰分及非脂固形物含量均有所提高,其中产奶量与脂肪含量差异显著(P<0.05)。(2)两组共获得已注释显著性差异代谢物39种,其中24种上调,15种下调;结合KEGG通路分析,发现脂肪细胞脂解调节(regulation of lipolysis in adipocyte),含血清素神经突触(serotonergic synapse),醛固酮合成与分泌(aldosterone synthesis and secretion),FcεRI信号通路(Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway),不饱和脂肪酸生物合成(biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid),苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成(phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis)是最为显著性关键代谢通路,并筛选出花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid),二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid)和D-果糖-1-磷酸(D-fructose-1-phosphate)作为差异显著相关代谢物。综上,通过冷季补饲提高了泌乳期藏羊母羊乳汁品质,并能改善其代谢产物,这为今后绵羊母乳的研究与开发提供一定理论依据与技术支持。Rapid milk analyzer and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to analyze the difference of milk components and metabolites between grazing and supplementary feeding conditions in Ti-betan sheep ewes.440 healthy Tibetan sheep ewes of 3 years old,similar parity and weight(43.85 kg±7.06 kg)were randomly divided into two groups,including natural grazing group(control group,CG)and graz-ing+supplementary feeding 0.25 kg·d-1 concentrate group(test group,TG).The experimental period was 60 days(150-210 days after breeding).At the end of the experiment,the milk of 5 ewes in each group was collected to analyze their nutritional components and detect their metabolites.The results showed that:(1)Compared with con-trol group,the milk yield,fat,protein,ash and non fat solids of Tibetan sheep ewes in test group were increased,and the milk yield and fat content was significantly different(P<0.05).(2)There were 39 significantly different metabolites annotated in the milk of Tibetan sheep ewes in the two groups,of which the relative contents of 24 metabolites were significantly increased and the relative contents of 15 metabolites were significantly decreased.Combined with KEGG functional annotation analysis,it was found that regulation of lipolysis in adipocyte,sero-tonergic synapse,aldosterone synthesis and secretion,FCεFc epsilon RI signaling pathway,biosynthesis of un-saturated fatty acids,biosynthesis of phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan were the most significant key meta-bolic pathways.Finally,arachidonic acid was screened Eicosapentaenoic acid and D-fructose-1-phosphate was significantly related to the differential metabolites.In conclusion,the quality and metabolites of milk of lactation Tibetan sheep ewes were improved by supplementary feeding during cold season,which provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the research and development of milk of sheep in the future.

关 键 词：藏羊 精料补饲 代谢组 乳品质 泌乳期 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S826.83[农业科学—畜牧学]