基于复合泄漏通道模型的O型圈密封泄漏率计算方法研究  

A Leakage Rate Calculation Method for O-ring Seal Based on Compound Leakage Channel Model

作　　者：王祺德 刘达新[1,2] 刘振宇[1,2] 谭建荣[1,2] WANG Qide;LIU Daxin;LIU Zhenyu;TAN Jianrong(State Key Laboratory of CAD&CG,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027;Engineering Research Center for Design Engineering and Digital Twin of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学计算机辅助设计与图形学国家重点实验室,杭州310027 [2]浙江大学设计工程及数字孪生浙江省工程研究中心,杭州310027

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第11期232-241,共10页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2001201);国家自然科学基金(52075480,51935009)资助项目。

摘　　要：O型圈密封作为机械结构中最常见的密封形式之一,实现其密封泄漏率的准确定量计算进而保障其密封性能,对机械产品和装备整体的安全性、可靠性和环境保护性等具有重要意义。现有的O型圈泄漏率计算方法难以在计算准确度与模型复杂度间达到很好的平衡。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于复合泄漏通道模型的O型圈泄漏率计算方法。复合泄漏通道模型通过对粗糙表面轮廓三角峰均一化排列,将O型圈与粗糙表面间的泄漏通道定义为三角形通道和梯形通道两种典型形式。相比现有方法通过单一几何体对泄漏通道建模,复合泄漏通道模型引入粗糙表面三角峰统计参数对泄漏通道进行表征,充分反映了表面形貌特征对通道形式与泄漏率的影响。局部密封单元的泄漏仿真实验表明,复合泄漏通道模型相比经典的Roth模型具有更好的计算准确性。将该方法应用于一种典型的O型圈密封结构,设计并实施了泄漏率测量实验,实验结果表明不同O型圈压缩率下泄漏率计算结果的平均相对误差不超过15%,验证了提出的方法在实际应用场景下的有效性。O-ring seal is one of the most common sealing forms in mechanical structures.Accurate calculation of leakage rate of O-ring seal helps to ensure its sealing performance,which is important for the safety,reliability and environmental protection of mechanical products and equipment.Existing O-ring leakage rate calculation methods are difficult to achieve a good balance between calculation accuracy and model complexity.To solve this problem,a method for leakage rate calculation of O-ring seal based on the compound leakage channel model is proposed.Compound leakage channel model defines the leakage channel as two typical forms,including triangular channel and trapezoidal channel,by uniformly arranging the triangular peaks of rough surface profile.Compared with the existing methods which model the leakage channel with a single geometry,the compound leakage channel model introduces statistical parameters of rough surface triangular peaks to characterize the leakage channel,which fully reflects the influence of the surface topography characteristics on the channel form and the leakage rate.The leakage simulation experiment of the local sealing unit shows that the compound leakage channel model has the better calculation accuracy than the traditional Roth model.Finally,the proposed method is applied to a typical O-ring seal structure,and the leakage rate measurement experiment is designed and implemented.The experiment results show that the average relative error of the leakage rate under different O-ring compression rate does not exceed 15%.The effectiveness of the proposed method in real application cases is verified.

关 键 词：O型圈 密封 泄漏通道 粗糙表面 泄漏率 

分 类 号：TB42[一般工业技术]