甲壳类水产品中氨基脲的来源及生成机理研究进展  

Progress on the Origin and Formation Mechanism of Semicarbazide in Crustacean Aquatic Products

作　　者：陈胜军[1] 高芳芳 王迪[1] 冯阳 邓建朝[1] 潘创 赵永强[1] 李春生[1] CHEN Shengjun;GAO Fangfang;WANG Di;FENG Yang;DENG Jianchao;PAN Chuang;ZHAO Yongqiang;LI Chunsheng(National Aquatic Products Processing Technology Research and Development Center/Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所、国家水产品加工技术研发中心、农业农村部水产品加工重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第4期244-253,共10页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32072147);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020TD69);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设专项资金(2022KJ151)共同资助。

摘　　要：氨基脲(semicarbazide,SEM)通常作为判断水产品中是否滥用呋喃西林的标志物,在动物体内能与蛋白质结合形成稳定的结合物,摄入过多对人体有一定的危害。研究发现,甲壳类水产品未使用呋喃西林仍能检测到SEM,现已确认的SEM来源包括内源存在和外源摄入,外源摄入途径有生长环境和饲料引入、加工过程中使用次氯酸盐消毒和偶氮二甲酰胺的分解产生。对于SEM广泛的来源途径,目前,对SEM形成机理的研究相对较少。甲壳类水产品中SEM的天然存在给呋喃西林药物检测带来了严重的干扰。本文对甲壳类水产品中SEM的来源途径进行总结并推测可能的生成机理,可为甲壳类水产品质量控制及内源性SEM的生成机理提供理论参考。Nitrofurazone is a synthetic antimicrobial drug developed by the Eaton Institute in the United States in the 1950s.Nitrofurazone can play an inhibitory or bactericidal role by interfering with the glucose metabolism process and oxidase system in bacteria.Due to its strong bactericidal ability,wide antibacterial spectrum,and low price,it was widely used in animal husbandry and aquaculture.Nitrofurazone is detected in animals because it is rapidly metabolized,with a half-life of only a few hours.Semicarbazide(a typical metabolite of nitrofurazone)is detected in food-borne products in a linear proportion to the amount of nitrofurazone added to the animal.Semicarbazide binds to animal proteins to generate stable residues and is difficult to metabolize completely.The United States,European Union,China,and other countries detect and monitor semicarbazide as a marker of nitrofurazone drugs.Nitrofurazone(and its metabolite semicarbazide)have teratogenic and carcinogenic effects on the human body.Any residues in animal-derived foods can be transmitted to humans through the food chain.Long-term intake of semicarbazide in humans will cause anemia,liver necrosis,neuritis,and damages the eyeball and DNA.Therefore,the United States,the European Union,and other countries have explicitly banned its use in the food industry.China has listed nitrofurazone as a banned drug and specified that nitrofurazone and its metabolites should not be detected in animal-derived foods.Over the years,the detection of semicarbazide has been limited by the detection methods and instruments.The Ministry of Agriculture has stated the residual limit of semicarbazide as 1.0μg/kg and assigned a supervision and sampling inspection program.Existing studies have identified the semicarbazide detected in crustacean aquatic products combines the residue caused by nitrofurazone metabolism and other obvious sources of semicarbazide,which include:1)the presence of endogenous sources in crustacean aquatic animals;2)the growth environment and feed intake;and 3)aq

关 键 词：甲壳类水产品 氨基脲 来源 生成机理 

分 类 号：S912[农业科学—水产科学]