经典实验改进与教学设计:乙酰水杨酸的制备  

Preparation of Acetylsalicylic Acid:Improvement and Teaching Design on the Classic Experiment

作　　者：程绍玲[1] 解洪祥 张环 CHENG Shao-Ling;XIE Hong-Xiang;ZHANG Huan(College of Science,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学理学院,天津300457

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2023年第14期55-60,共6页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：天津市普通高等学校本科教学质量与教学改革研究计划(171005708E)。

摘　　要：乙酰水杨酸的制备是许多院校开设的一个经典有机合成实验,但学生在实验中存在结果不稳定、产率低以及粗产物易形成油状物而难以析出等问题。重点改进了乙酸酐水解方法,优化了反应温度、反应时间、产品检测等条件,新方案重现性好,结果稳定,产率70%以上。从理论上分析了产物和副产物的生成过程,有利于学生深刻理解实验原理。结合有机化学基础知识及实验研究成果进行教学设计,可有效培养学生理论与实践相结合的科学思维和解决实际问题的综合能力。The preparation of acetylsalicylic acid is a classic organic experiment set up in many universities,but there are some problems in the experiment process,such as unstable results,low yield,and difficult precipitation of crude products due to the formation of oily substances.This study emphasized on improving the hydrolysis methods of acetic anhydride,and optimized the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature,reaction time,product testing and so on.The optimized experimental programs gave the stable and reproducible results,and the yield rate is over 70%.The reaction process of the product and by-product were analysized in theory which help students in-depth understanding the reaction principle.Teaching design contained organic chemistry theoretical knowledge and experimental research findings,which can cultivate effectively scientific thought of combining theory with practice and comprehensive abilities of solving practical problems.

关 键 词：水杨酸 乙酸酐 乙酰水杨酸 阿司匹林 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] TQ463-4[文化科学—教育学]