SDE-GC-MS结合OPLS-DA分析不同生态区谷子品种香气特征  

Aroma Characteristics of Foxtail Millet Varieties from Different Ecological Regions by Analysis of SDE-GC-MS Combined with OPLS-DA

作　　者：李少辉[1] 赵巍[1] 刘松雁 李朋亮 张爱霞[1] 刘敬科[1] LI ShaoHui;ZHAO Wei;LIU SongYan;LI PengLiang;ZHANG AiXia;LIU JingKe(Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051;Shijiazhuang Livestock Products and Veterinary Feed Quality Testing Center,Shijiazhuang 050041)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院生物技术与食品科学研究所,石家庄050051 [2]石家庄市畜产品和兽药饲料质量检测中心,石家庄050041

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2023年第13期2586-2596,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31771902);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-06-14.5-A29)。

摘　　要：【背景】我国谷子产地分为4个地区,包括东北平原地区、华北平原地区、内蒙古高原地区和西北地区,谷子区域试验旨在筛选具有良好遗传性状的种质资源。但是,良好的生长遗传性状和米粒外观表型未必具有良好的烹饪品质和香气特征,特别是香气特征在很大程度上影响了其生产和下游产业。蒸馏萃取(simultaneous distillation extraction,SDE)是一种预处理手段,可模拟煮粥的过程,适合于谷子的香气分析。【目的】明确不同生态区谷子种质资源香气特征,推动感官导向型育种-加工产业实践。【方法】采用同时蒸馏萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用法(simultaneous distillation extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,SDE-GC-MS)结合香气活性值法(odor activity value,OAV),分析我国华北、东北、西北和内蒙古4个生态区谷物香气成分差异。【结果】SDE-GC-MS分析结果表明4个生态区12个谷子品种共检测出81种挥发性物质,包括醛类25种,醇类6种,酚类4种,酮类11种,碳氢11种,含苯衍生物13种,酸类4种,其他7种。对比检测结果发现,不同地区中挥发性物质的种类基本相似,但各成分相对含量有所不同。对37种挥发性成分特征进行了香气描述,并结合香气活性值确定了12个谷子品种有23个OAV>1的有贡献的香气化合物。通过正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis,OPLS-DA)建立谷子区试的有效判别模型,将12个谷子品种划分为3类,筛选出18种VIP(variable importance in projection)大于1的化合物:2,4-癸二烯醛、(E,E)-3,5-辛二烯-2-酮、2-(2-丙烯基)-呋喃、己醛、2-戊基呋喃、2-乙酰基噻唑、庚醛、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛、3,5-辛二烯-2-酮、(E)-3-壬烯-2-酮、苯甲醛、十四酸、2-戊基呋喃、(Z)-2-庚烯醛、庚醇、2-甲氧基-苯酚、乙基苯、十六酸甲酯,可用于区分不同样品之间的差异。【结论】SDE-GC-MS结合OAV鉴定分析【Background】The foxtail millet production areas in China are divided into four regions:the Northeast China region,the North China region,the Inner Mongolia plateau region,and the Northwest China region.The regional trials aimed to screen germplasm resources with good genetic traits.However,good growth genetic traits and foxtail millet grain appearance phenotypes do not necessarily have good culinary quality and aroma characteristics,especially the aroma characteristics largely affect its production and downstream industries.Simultaneous distillation extraction(SDE)is a pretreatment method that simulates the cooking process of porridge and is suitable for the aroma analysis of foxtail millet.【Objective】The aim of this study was to clarify the aroma characteristics of cereal germplasm resources in different ecological regions,so as to promote sensory-oriented breeding-processing industrial practices.【Method】Simultaneous distillation extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SDE-GC-MS)combined with odor activity value(OAV)method was used to analyze the differences in aroma components of foxtail millet in different regions of China.【Result】A total of 81 volatile substances were detected in 12 foxtail millet varieties from four ecological regions,25 aldehydes,6 alcohols,4 phenols,11 ketones,11 hydrocarbons,13 benzene-containing derivatives,4 acids,and 7 others.The comparison of the results showed that the volatile substance subclasses were similar in different regions,but the contents of the components were different.Thirty-seven volatile components with literature-accessible odor characterization were labeled,and 23 contributing aroma compounds with OAV>1 were identified in the 12 foxtail millet varieties.The effective discrimination model of the cereal regional test was established by orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis(OPLS-DA).Then,the 12 foxtail millet varieties were classified into three categories,and 18 compounds with VIP>1 were screened out:hexanal,heptanal,(Z)-2-hep

关 键 词：同时蒸馏萃取 谷子 香气活性值 生态区 正交偏最小二乘判别 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]