发酵豆粕饲料对鲫鱼生长、肌肉品质和健康状况的影响  

Effect of fermented soybean meal feedon growth performance, flesh quality and health condition of Carassius auratus

作　　者：丁皓天 徐一力 催祥宇 周鑫蔚 董秀金 戴子凡 程汉良 许建和 DING Hao-tian;XU Yi-li;CUI Xiang-yu;ZHOU Xin-wei;DONG Xiu-jin;DAI Zi-fan;CHENG Han-liang;XU Jian-he

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第13期50-55,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑项目-苏北科技专项(项目编号:SZ-SQ2021034);江苏自然科学基金(项目编号:BK20201465);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(项目编号:SJCX22-1663)

摘　　要：试验旨在探讨发酵豆粕完全替代饲料中未发酵豆粕对鲫鱼生长、肌肉品质和健康状况的影响。试验以豆粕为发酵底物,以不接种发酵菌液为对照组(CT组),设置乳酸菌(LAB组)、酵母菌(YE组)和混合菌(LAB-YE组)。采用LAB、YE和LAB-YE发酵豆粕完全替代未发酵豆粕配制3种试验饲料,以未发酵豆粕饲料为对照。360尾体重(14.61±0.12) g的鲫鱼随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。试验期8w。结果显示,与CT组相比,LAB组、YE组和LAB-YE组豆粕粗脂肪含量显著上升(P<0.05)。与CT组相比,LAB组和YE组鱼体肌肉中粗脂肪和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的含量显著升高(P<0.05),LAB-YE组鱼体肌肉中粗蛋白、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、DHA以及n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)的含量显著升高(P<0.05)。组织切片结果显示,乳酸菌组、酵母菌组以及混合菌组饲料均能够缓解鲫鱼肝脏的空泡化现象;乳酸菌组和混合菌组鲫鱼肠道的健康状况明显改善,而酵母菌组鲫鱼肠道健康无明显变化。研究表明,豆粕经乳酸菌和酵母菌混合发酵后可提高鲫鱼肌肉品质,改善肠道与肝脏健康状况。The purpose of the experiment was to explore the effect of fermented soybean meal completely replacing soybean meal feed on growth,flesh quality and health condition of Carassius auratus.In the experiment,soybean meal was used as fermentation substrate,and unfermented soybean meal was used as control group(CT group).Three fermented groups were set up as follows:Lactic acid bacteria fermented group(LAB group),yeast fermented group(YE group)and mixed bacteria fermented group(LAB-YE group).A total of 360 Carassius auratus in average body weight of(14.61±0.12)g were divided into four groups with three replicates in each group and 30 Carassius auratus in each replicate.The experiment lasted for 8 w.The results showed that compared with CT group,the crude lipid content of LAB,YE and LAB-YE groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with CT group,the crude lipid and DHA content were significantly higher in LAB group and YE group(P<0.05),and crude protein,EPA,DHA and n-3 PUFA contents in Carassius auratus muscle of LAB-YE group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The results of tissue dissection showed that dietary soybean meal fermented by lactic acid bacteria,yeast and mixed bacteria could alleviate the cavitation phenomenon of livers of Carassius auratus.Lactic acid bacteria and mixed bacteria groups could obviously improve the intestinal health condition of crucian carp,while the intestinal health of fish in the yeast fermented group was not affected.The study indicates that the diet containing soybean meal fermented by the mixture of lactic acid bacteria and yeast can improve the flesh quality,improve the intestinal and liver health of Carassius auratus.

关 键 词：鲫鱼 发酵豆粕 生长 肌肉品质 健康 

分 类 号：S963.5[农业科学—水产养殖]