不同种植材料牙槽窝保存术对后牙区牙槽嵴吸收的影响  

Effect of alveolar fossa preservation with different implant materials on alveolar ridge resorption in patients undergoing posterior tooth extraction

作　　者：朱敏燕 王海燕 袁银银 ZHU Min-yan;WANG Hai-yan;YUAN Yin-yin(Department of Stomatology,Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital,Hangzhou 310012,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江绿城心血管病医院口腔科,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《中国口腔颌面外科杂志》2023年第4期403-406,共4页China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同种植材料牙槽窝保存术对后牙拔除患者牙槽嵴吸收的影响。方法:选择2016年3月—2020年4月浙江绿城心血管病医院收治的后牙拔除患者86例,按照随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,各43例。试验组患者拔牙后将富血小板纤维蛋白(platelet-rich fibrin,PRF)植入牙槽窝内,对照组患者拔牙后将胶原蛋白塞植入牙槽窝内。观察创面愈合时间,术后即刻和术后6个月牙槽嵴软组织高度、牙槽嵴宽度等指标变化。采用SPSS 23.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:试验组术后创面愈合时间为(10.52±3.14)天,显著低于对照组的(17.68±5.35)天(P<0.05);试验组术后6个月上颌牙龈最高点或下颌牙龈最低点牙槽嵴软组织高度显著小于对照组(P<0.05),但近中龈乳头、远中龈乳头牙槽嵴软组织高度比较,2组无显著差异(P>0.05);试验组术后6个月牙槽嵴宽度在根长20%处、根长70%处均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但在根长50%处2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:与胶原蛋白塞相比,在拔牙位点保存中应用PRF,能促进创面愈合,减少牙槽嵴吸收,是目前较为理想的拔牙位点保存的填充及覆盖材料。PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of alveolar preservation with different implant materials on alveolar ridge absorption in patients with posterior tooth extraction.METHODS:Eighty-six patients with tooth restoration after extraction admitted to Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital from March 2016 to April 2020 were selected.The patients were divided into experimental group and control group according to the random number,43 cases in each group.After tooth extraction,patients in the experimental group implanted platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)into the alveolar fossa,while patients in the control group implanted collagen plugs into the alveolar fossa after tooth extraction.The time of wound healing,the height of alveolar soft tissue and the width of alveolar ridge were observed immediately and 6 months after surgery.SPSS 23.0 software package was used for data analysis.RESULTS:The postoperative wound healing time was(10.52±3.14)d in the experimental group,which was significantly shorter than(17.68±5.35)d in the control group(P<0.05).The alveolar soft tissue height of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group 6 months after operation(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the mesial papilla and distal papilla(P>0.05).The experimental group was significantly higher than the control group in alveolar ridge widths at 20%and 70%of the root length 6 months postoperatively(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups at 50%of the root length(P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Compared with collagen plug,the application of PRF in the preservation of extraction site can promote wound healing time and reduce absorption of alveolar ridge.It is an ideal filling and covering material for the preservation of extraction site at present.

关 键 词：胶原蛋白塞 富血小板纤维蛋白 拔牙位点保存 牙槽嵴 

分 类 号：R782.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]