交往与承认:物化理论批判及其新诠释  

Communication and Recognition:Criticism of Reification Theory and Its New Interpretation

作　　者：孔明安 田甜 KONG Mingan;TIAN Tian(School of Marxism,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院,天津300350

出　　处：《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第4期14-26,共13页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“当前主要社会思潮的最新发展动态及其批判研究”(16ZDA101)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：物化概念与物化意识是西方马克思主义鼻祖卢卡奇用以剖析20世纪初资本主义社会病理性症候的核心概念。法兰克福学派第二代旗手哈贝马斯与第三代传人霍耐特分别从交往理性与承认理论出发,对卢卡奇的物化理论进行了哲学的反思批判和主体间性的重新诠释。哈贝马斯在对卢卡奇物化概念的考察批判基础之上,发展了工具理性的物化批判,将物化诠释为系统对“生活世界的殖民化”,并据此提出了物化理论的交往转向。霍耐特则从规范性的维度将物化重新界定为对承认的遗忘,并区分了不同于卢卡奇物化的三种物化形式,进而从病理学角度剖析了造成物化的社会成因。在此基础上,霍耐特结合20世纪末当代资本主义社会出现的新特征,从后现代主义和精神分析的视野出发,以“预先承认”概念重新批判性地诠释卢卡奇的物化理论,实现了物化理论的承认转向。对物化的批判和新诠释为理解当代资本主义的病理学症候,深化中国特色社会主义研究提供了重要的参考。The concept and consciousness of reification are the core concepts used by Lukács,the originator of Western Marxism,to analyze the pathological symptoms of capitalist society in the early 20th century.Habermas,the second generation standard-holder of Frankfurt School,and Honneth,the third generation inheritor of Frankfurt School,made philosophical reflection criticism and reinterpretation of Lukács’reification theory from the perspective of communicative rationality and recognition theory respectively.On the basis of the investigation and criticism of Lukács’concept of reification,Habermas developed the reification criticism of instrumental rationality,interpreted reification as the systematic colonization of the living world,and put forward the communicative turn of reification theory accordingly.Honneth redefined materialization as the forgetting of recognition from the normative dimension,and distinguished three forms of reification different from Lukács’,and then analyzed the social causes of reification from the perspective of pathology.On this basis,Honneth combined with the new features of the contemporary capitalist society in the late 20th century,from the perspective of postmodernism and psychoanalysis,reinterpreted Lukács’reification theory critically with the concept of“pre-recognition”,and realized the recognition turn of the reification theory.The criticism and new interpretation of reification provide an important reference for understanding the pathological symptoms of contemporary capitalism and deepening the study of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：物化 物化意识 交往 承认 社会病理学 卢卡奇 

分 类 号：B506[哲学宗教—外国哲学]