协同主义在执行转破产中的阐释与应用  

On the Explanation and Application of Synergism in the Transitionfrom Execution to Bankruptcy

作　　者：黄茂醌 HUANG Maokun(School of Law,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学法学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期34-46,共13页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大专项课题“社会主义核心价值观融入司法裁判的理论基础与实施对策研究”(19VHJ019)。

摘　　要：执行转破产具有化解潜在纠纷和执行积案的优势,对债权人、债务人和法院而言,却存在低收益性、高负面性和审判负担过重等问题,这直接导致执行转破产启动率过低。协同主义强调解纷主体间的相互协作,不仅为执行与破产回归到应然联结状态提供助力,且与追求社会秩序稳定的司法理念相契合。应当以协同主义作为多方主体协力启动破产程序的法理依据,并完善相关制度。由反对方对被执行人未资不抵债承担证明责任,将控股股东和高级管理人员纳入申请主体范围。提高执行转破产的程序正当性,实现信息主管部门协查义务的法定化。实施以中级人民法院为主的协同管辖机制,提高执行转破产的效率。设立企业破产费用保险基金制度,化解债务人无产可破的风险。The transition from execution to bankruptcy offers the advantages of resolving potential disputes and implementing accumulated cases.However,for creditors,debtors,and courts,there are some undesirable interests,such as low profitability,high negativity,and excessive trial burden,which directly leads to a low starting rate.The concept of synergism emphasizes the cooperation between the subjects of dispute resolution,which not only provides assistance for the return of execution and bankruptcy to their natural connection but also conforms to the judicial concept of pursuing social order and stability.Synergism should be considered as the legal basis for the joint efforts of multiple parties to initiate bankruptcy proceedings,and relevant systems should be improved.Firstly,the opposing party should bear the burden of proof for the insolvency of the person subjected to execution,and the controlling shareholders and senior managers should be included in the scope of the applicant.Secondly,the procedural legitimacy of the transfer from execution to bankruptcy should be improved,and the legalization of the duty of the competent information department to assist in the investigation should be realized.Third,the coordinated jurisdiction mechanism dominated by the intermediate people’s court should be implemented to improve the efficiency of transitioning from execution to bankruptcy.Finally,an enterprise bankruptcy expense insurance fund system should be established to resolve the risk that the debtor has no property to liquidate.

关 键 词：执行转破产 协同主义 程序保障 制度完善 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]