基于边际效用函数的应急救援人员培训派遣模型  

Training & assignment model ofemergency rescuers based on amarginal utility function

作　　者：王喆[1,2] 况星园 杨栋梁 方丹辉[1,2] WANG Zhe;KUANG Xing-yuan;YANG Dong-liang;FANG Dan-hui(China Research Center for Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学中国应急管理研究中心,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第5期1490-1497,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJC630154);国家自然科学基金项目(71501151);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2016CFB467)。

摘　　要：针对应急救援人员面对重大救援任务胜任能力不足的问题,建立了突发事件应急救援人员培训派遣模型。基于边际效用函数,结合知识累积函数和胜任力模型,计算救援技能培训过程中产生的培训效用;进一步,以最大化培训效用和最小化培训派遣时间为目标,建立了应急救援人员培训派遣一体化的优化模型。“7·20郑州特大暴雨”事件算例分析表明,该模型能够有效地提高应急救援人员的救援能力和培训效果,实现对任务的科学分配。This paper concerned a discussion about the skill training and personnel assignment for emergency rescuers to deal with their insufficient capacities for great tasks and meet the needs for emergency response.We assumed that some skill levels of emergency rescuers can be improved to the required levels of rescue tasks through quick temporary training before assignment.The knowledge accumulation function was used to depict the process of rescue skills training and calculate the training time required,and the competency model reflected the training potential of rescuers.Then,the marginal utility function was proposed for the training evaluation of emergency rescuers by calculating the utility.Furthermore,the skills training evaluation model for emergency rescuers was established,which could enable the optimization of training resource allocation.Besides skill training time for required levels to perform various rescue tasks,the time cost of emergency rescuers to dispatch from rescue points to disaster points,referred to as assignment time,was of paramount importance for rapid response to emergencies.Therefore,an optimization model for the training and assignment model of emergency rescuers was established,while maximum training utility and minimum training&assignment time were regarded as the objective function.And an algorithm case was analyzed and an effective solution method was given.Taking“7·20”heavy rainstorm disaster in Zhengzhou as the research background,the simulation and solution were conducted and confirmed.The results show that our model can effectively improve the training effect and rescue capability of emergency rescuers,realizing a more reasonable and scientific assignment.To be specific,the skills training evaluation model ensures the reasonable allocation of limited training resources,in which the skills of emergency rescuers are improved to varying degrees,and appropriate resource tilt for the talented.And the training and assignment model makes better assignments possible by considering the

关 键 词：安全社会工程 人员派遣 培训评估 应急救援 边际效用函数 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]