水基切削液中优势硫酸盐还原菌的分离、生理特性及其活性抑制研究  

Isolation,physiological characteristics and activity inhibition of dominant sulfate-reducing bacteria in waterbased cutting fluids

作　　者：朱大玲 马迪 孙鑫 张港生 程淋 项军 ZHU Daling;MA Di;SUN Xin;ZHANG Gangsheng;CHENG Lin;XIANG Jun(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utiliztion,College of Chemistry Engineering and Material Science,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学化工与材料学院天津市卤水化工与资源生态化利用重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第6期2119-2127,共9页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：天津市卤水化工与资源生态化利用重点实验室开放基金项目(BCERE201908)。

摘　　要：水基切削液在金属加工领域应用广泛,在使用过程中容易腐败发臭,硫酸盐还原菌是导致其腐败变臭的主要微生物种群。为深入了解水基切削液中硫酸盐还原菌的特点并探究其抑制方法,采用涂布平板法从使用过的切削液中分离筛选出两株优势硫酸盐还原菌Y8和Y10。采用16S rDNA序列分析法,菌株Y8和Y10分别鉴定为肉毒杆菌和摩氏摩根菌。生长曲线分析结果表明两株菌的生长速度都较快,厌氧条件下37℃培养2 d后均到达生长稳定期,比较发现菌株Y10无论从生长速度和最终生物量浓度都高于菌株Y8;采用单因素法对菌株的生长条件进行分析,结果表明经切削液体系的长期驯化,两株硫酸盐还原菌菌株均具有一定的耐逆性。菌株Y8的最佳生长pH值、NaCl质量分数、温度和接种量分别为9、0、35℃和1%;菌株Y10的最佳生长pH值、NaCl质量分数、温度和接种量分别为8、0.1%、30℃和3%。ε聚赖氨酸对肉毒杆菌Y8和摩氏摩根菌Y10都有较好的抑菌效果,最小抑菌质量浓度分别为20 mg/L和60 mg/L,因此ε聚赖氨酸可作为维持水基切削液生物稳定性的候选生物抑菌剂。Water-based cutting fluid is widely used in metal processing and is easy to rot and stink during recycling use.Sulfate-reducing bacteria is the main microorganism group that causes the rot and stink of water-based cutting fluids.To understand the characteristics of sulfate-reducing bacteria in cutting fluids and to investigate its inhibition methods,two dominant strains of sulfate-reducing bacteria Y8 and Y10 were isolated and screened by spread plate method from the used water-based cutting fluids in this study.The strains Y8 and Y10 were identified as Clostridium botulinum and Morganella morganii by the method of 16S rDNA sequence analysis,respectively.The results of the growth curve analysis indicate that the growth rates of both strains are faster and the biomass accumulation reaches the stable growth phase after anaerobic culture at 37℃for 2 d.The growth rate and final biomass concentration of strain Y10 are higher than that of strain Y8.The growth rate and final biomass concentration of strain Y10 are higher than that of strain Y8.The growth conditions of the two strains are analyzed by the single factor method.And the results show that both strains had certain resistance after long-term domestication in the water-based cutting fluid system.The optimal growth pH value,NaCl mass fraction,temperature,and inoculum amount of strain Y8 were 9,0,35℃and 1%,respectively.And the optimal growth pH value,NaCl mass fraction,temperature and inoculum amount of strain Y10 are 8,0.1%,30℃and 3%,respectively.εpolylysine had good antibacterial effects on C.botulinum Y8 and M.morganii Y10,with the minimum inhibitory mass concentration of 20 mg/L and 60 mg/L,respectively.Therefore,εpolylysine can be used as a candidate for maintaining the biological stability of water-based cutting fluid.

关 键 词：环境工程学 水基切削液 硫酸盐还原菌 生理特性 ε聚赖氨酸 活性抑制 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]