清中叶广西地方社会职役与治理  

Zhiyi and Governance of Local Society in Guangxi during the Mid Qing Dynasty

作　　者：常建华[1] CHANG Jianhua(Center for Chinese Social History,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学中国社会史研究中心,天津300350

出　　处：《安徽史学》2023年第4期5-15,共11页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“多样性:辽宋西夏金元明清的日常生活与地方社会”(20JJD770009)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：乾嘉时期,广西地方职役出自四个系统,即土官少数民族村寨系统,有村老、头人、狼总;保甲系统,保正、保长是负责人;还有乡约系统与里甲系统。乾隆时期,地方社会职役以保甲系统为多。嘉庆朝,保正、保长保甲系统仍占据绝对多数,新增地保、乡保,表明地方、乡约、保正(保长)三者之间在融合,地方职役有向地保发展的趋势。刑科题本揭示了民间投保、职役报案的过程,可见职役平时处理当地的经济纠纷、盗窃案件。《清实录》记载了乾嘉时期广西官府与地方职役的关系,碑刻资料还有地方社会职役实态性的记载。The local Zhiyi in Guangxi came from four systems during the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing Emperors,namely the minority village system of Tuguan,with village elder,headman and wolf chief,the Baojia system,with Baozheng and Baozhang being in charge of Baojia,and the village agreement system and Lijia system.The local social Zhiyi was mainly in Baojia system in the Qianlong period.In the Jiaqing period,the system of Baozheng and Baojia still occupied the absolute majority in Zhiyi,and the additional Dibao and Xiangbao showed that the Difang,village agreement and Baozheng(Baozhang)were integrated with each other,and there was a trend that local Zhiyi was going to become Dibao.The book of the penal cases revealed the process of civilian reporting to Zhiyi and Zhiyi reporting to local securities,which showed that the duty of Zhiyi usually deals with local economic disputes and theft cases.Besides,The Qingshilu and the inscriptions recorded the relationship between the official government and the local Zhiyi in Guangxi during the Qianlong and Jiaqing period.

关 键 词：刑科题本 保甲 地保 乾嘉时期 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]