中国皱木耳“黔皱耳1号”生物学特性及营养品质  

Biological characteristics and nutritional quality of Auricularia sinodelicata“Qian No.1”

作　　者：许娟 邹琴[1] 徐彦军[1] 吴宸印 游华芳 查兴雪 陈松 XU Juan;ZOU Qin;XU Yanjun;WU Chenyin;YOU Huafang;ZHA Xingxue;CHEN Song(Research Institute of Edible Fungi,Agricultural College of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Guiyang Jinqian Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院食用菌研究院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵阳金黔农业科技有限公司,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《菌物学报》2023年第7期1517-1529,共13页Mycosystema

基　　金：黔科合重大专项字[2019]3005;黔科合支撑[2022]重点025-8。

摘　　要：对在贵州采集的野生中国皱木耳“黔皱耳1号”菌株进行ITS测序、构建系统发育树,探究其生物学特性及品质。自测序列与中国皱木耳Auriculariasinodelicata聚到同一分支,支持率为90%;中国皱木耳“黔皱耳1号”菌株适宜温度22–25℃,碳源为果糖,氮源为酵母粉,碳氮比20:4,无机盐为硫酸镁;单因素正交试验得到培养基最佳组合为红糖、酵母粉和硫酸镁。菌袋栽培料配方为阔叶林杂木屑78%、麦麸15%、米糠5%、石膏粉0.5%、石灰0.5%、葡萄糖1%,驯化栽培子实体生长周期收需(52±5)d,单棒产量为(300±95)g/FW;耳片肥厚,长(107.750±12.697)mm,宽(75.96±14.87)mm,厚(13.37±3.49)mm,复水比高达8.74±0.28;耳片粗蛋白含量为8.95 g/100 g,总糖64.9%,粗纤维10.3%,粗脂肪1.5 g/100 g;耳片总氨基酸含量为9.8004 g/100 g,药效氨基酸(5.45 g/100 g)占55.61%;鲜味氨基酸(2.64 g/100 g)占26.94%;化学评分和氨基酸评分分别为26.00和40.86。本研究将为贵州野生中国皱木耳驯化及配套栽培技术的应用提供科学依据。ITS sequencing,phylogenetic tree construction,biological characteristics and quality analysis of Auricularia sinodelicata Qian No.1 collected from Guizhou were carried out.Auricularia sinodelicata Qian No.1 was clustered into the Auricularia sinodelicata lineage with high support of 90%.The optimum temperature,carbon source,nitrogen source,the ratio of carbon to nitrogen,and inorganic salt for cultivation of Auricularia sinodelicata Qian No.1 are 22–25°C,fructose,yeast powder,20:4,and magnesium sulfate,respectively.The single factor orthogonal test showed that the best combination of culture medium was brown sugar,yeast powder and magnesium sulfate.Bag culture was conducted by using brood-leaved wood sawdust(78%),wheatbran(15%),rice bran(5%),gypsum powder(0.5%),slaked lime(0.5%)and glucose(1%)as substrate.The growth cycle of domesticated fruiting body needs(52±5)days,and the single bag yield is(300±95)g/FW.The basidiocarp is thick,(107.750±12.697)mm long,(75.96±14.87)mm wide,(13.37±3.49)mm thick,and the rehydration ratio is 8.74±0.28.The basidiocarp contains 8.95 g/100 g of crude protein,64.9%of total sugar,10.3%of crude fiber,and 1.5 g/100 g of crude fat.The total amino acid content of basidiocarp is 9.8004 g/100 g,and the medicinal amino acid(5.45 g/100 g)accounts for 55.61%.Fresh amino acids(2.64 g/100 g)accounted for 26.94%.The chemical score and amino acid score were 26.00 and 40.86 respectively.This study will provide scientific basis for domestic cultivation of wild Auricularia sinodelicata in Guizhou.

关 键 词：中国皱木耳 品质分析 生物学特性 氨基酸评分 

分 类 号：S646.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]