植物阴离子通道铝激活苹果酸转运体ALMTs在植物营养与生理中的作用  

The role of plant anion channel aluminum-activated malate transporters(ALMTs)in plant nutrition and physiology

作　　者：魏志敏 李亚林 黄鑫 李学文[1] 吴飞华 刘家友[1] 喻敏[1] WEI Zhimin;LI Yalin;HUANG Xin;LIXuewen;WU Feihua;LIU Jiayou;YU Min(International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology,Foshan University,Foshan,Guangdong 528225,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院国际膜生物学和环境研究中心,广东佛山528225

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2023年第6期1072-1082,共11页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32172672)。

摘　　要：铝激活苹果酸转运体(Aluminum-activated malate transporters,ALMTs)归类为阴离子通道,并以小麦(Triticum aestivum)中鉴定的第一个家族成员命名,它受铝诱导并对苹果酸具有明显的通透能力。不同ALMT家族成员编码的跨膜蛋白执行不同功能,共同运输植物细胞内的有机阴离子和无机阴离子。ALMTs可能因蛋白结构不同,而受不同信号调节,诱导一系列生理反应。近几年,研究证明显示γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)可能作为信号分子参与ALMTs的调控。本文通过分析ALMTs分子进化和蛋白结构,重点述评ALMTs蛋白家族在抗铝、气孔调节、矿物质营养、果实酸度、种子发育与微生物互作等生理过程的重要作用,以及ALMTs与GABA的运输与调控的关系。Aluminum-activated malate transporters(ALMTs)are classified as anion channels,named after the first family member identified in wheat(Triticum aestivum),which are induced by aluminum and have obvious permeability to malate.Different family members perform different functions and jointly transport organic and inorganic anions in plant cells.ALMTs may be regulated by different signals and induce a series of physiological reactions due to different protein structures.In recent years,research has proved that Y-Aminobutyric acid(GABA)may be involved in the regulation of ALMTs as a signal molecule.Through analyzing the molecular evolution and protein structure of ALMTs,this paper focuses on the important role of ALMTs protein family in the basic physiological processes of plants,such as aluminum resistance,stomatal regulation,mineral nutrition,fruit acidity,seed development,microbial interaction,and the relationship between ALMTs and GABA transport and regulation.It will lay a theoretical foundation for further elucidating the role of ALMTs in regulating plant growth and development,stress response and molecular evolution,as well as agricultural green development.

关 键 词：ALMTs 功能 蛋白结构 GABA 苹果酸 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]