论式分析法框架下庭审话语中的性别身份和去性别化身份研究  

A Topos-Based Analysis of Gender Identities and Degendered Identities in Courtroom Discourse

作　　者：杨敏[1] 孙娟娟[1] YANG Min;SUN Juanjuan(Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学

出　　处：《现代外语》2023年第4期452-463,共12页Modern Foreign Languages

摘　　要：本研究以论式分析法为理论基础,探讨意识形态偏见和修辞论式在庭审中如何建构性别身份和去性别化身份。研究语料来自北京市30例离婚纠纷案件中当事人和法官的论证话语。结果表明,当事人使用亲属关系、家庭责任、夫妻关系等主题类论式,采用语义表征和论证型式等话语策略,建构了以男方家庭成员为尊、缺乏家庭担当、施暴等男性行为以及不敬公婆丈夫、疏于家务管理和侵犯男方资产等女性行为,体现了家庭组织结构、职事分工和地位关系中的男女、内外之别。法官则建构了两性作为平等法律主体的去性别化身份,目的是为了纠正当事人的性别偏见。本研究从语言学视角审视庭审参与者的性别素养,有助于解答当前家庭纷争引起的高离婚率问题。The present paper explores how litigants gender and degendered identities are constructed with ideological prejudices and related rhetorical topoi through a topos analysis of transcriptions of 30 divorce cases in courtrooms in Beijing.It is revealed that litigants and judges adopted such content-based topoi as family relations,family duties and conjugal relations to construct the aforementioned identities with relevant argumentation and semantic representation strategies.Specifically,litigants constructed males'identities as being superior in family,lacking family responsibilities and being violent while females'identities were constructed as being disrespectful towards their parents-in-law and husbands,being negligent of housework and exerting unreasonable demand for their husbands'property.The gender identities so constructed reflect the operation of male/female and inner/outer distinctions in family structures,labor division and status of husbands and wives.As a response,judges constructed degendered identities to redress litigants'gender prejudice by viewing them as being equal legal subjects.This study is hoped to promote gender literacy among courtroom participants and help address the problem of high divorce rate in modern society from a linguistic perspective.

关 键 词：论式分析法 离婚庭审话语 性别身份 去性别化身份 

分 类 号：D90-055[政治法律—法学理论]