学科的三维视界及新学科建设进路  

Three-dimensional Horizon of Academic Disciplines and Approach to the Construction of New Academic Disciplines

作　　者：赵俊芳[1] 许高蕊 ZHAO Jun-fang;XU Gao-rui

机构地区：[1]吉林大学高等教育研究所,长春130012

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2023年第4期31-37,共7页University Education Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“东亚高等教育卓越计划及其制度比较研究”(14YJ-880101)。

摘　　要：在现代大学发展史上,学科作为知识生产的载体,经历了从原初的混沌到具体分化再到交叉、渗透、融合应用的发展过程,呈现出作为“知识”的学科、作为“组织”的学科和作为“规训”的学科等多重形态。从20世纪晚期到进入新世纪,无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,都陆续将大学一流学科的建设发展提升为国家战略,开启了大学学科建设的新阶段。但在现实推进过程中,由于学科的过度分化和简单交叉,导致学科内部、理论知识间、学术组织间、学科制度间的诸多壁垒和简单跨学科等学科建设俗化现象。故在新时期的新学科建设中,我们应借鉴后专业主义的学科观及发展路径,在承认学科固有边界的前提下寻求学科创新,回应国家重大需求,积极构建学科融通、教研社会一体化发展的新学科建设评价体系。In the history of modern university development,academic disciplines have served as carriers of knowledge production and gone through the process of initial disorder,concrete differentiation,and then integration of different applications.Modern science holds academic disciplines as disciplines for knowledge,organization,and surveillance which witnessed the development process of accelerating differentiation,integrating crossover,and expanding cluster applications.From the late 20th century to the beginning of the new century,both developed and developing countries have gradually elevated the construction and development of first-class disciplines in universities to national strategies,opening a new stage of university discipline construction.However,in the process of practical advancement,due to the excessive differentiation and simple intersection of disciplines,there are many barriers within academic disciplines,theoretical knowledge,academic organizations,and disciplinary systems,as well as the popularization of interdisciplinary construction.Therefore,in the construction of new Academic Disciplines in the new era,we should learn from the discipline view and development path of post-professionalism,seek discipline innovation while recognizing the inherent boundaries of disciplines,respond to major national needs,and actively build a evaluation system for the integration of scientific fields and the integration of teaching,research,and society in the construction of new academic and scientific disciplines.

关 键 词：学科 三维视界 新学科建设 教研社会一体化 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]